{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088296482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02592155","title":"Duality and statistical tests of optimality for two stage stochastic programs","display_name":"Duality and statistical tests of optimality for two stage stochastic programs","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088296482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02592155","mag":"2088296482"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02592155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02592155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193920097","display_name":"Mathematical Programming","issn_l":"0025-5610","issn":["0025-5610","1436-4646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034401930","display_name":"Julia L. Higle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia L. Higle","raw_affiliation_strings":["SIE Department, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA","SIE Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SIE Department, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SIE Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026466952","display_name":"Suvrajeet Sen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-8833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Suvrajeet Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["SIE Department, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA","SIE Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SIE Department, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SIE Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA 85721#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026466952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93989071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"2","first_page":"257","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11413","display_name":"Risk and Portfolio Optimization","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.8039054870605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duality","display_name":"Duality (order theory)","score":0.6865664720535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-analysis","display_name":"Numerical analysis","score":0.47529542446136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.44356489181518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.43559929728507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3687126636505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.3683815002441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.279129296541214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.1803494691848755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8039054870605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554403","display_name":"Duality (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.6865664720535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48753275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11216","display_name":"Numerical analysis","level":2,"score":0.47529542446136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.44356489181518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.43559929728507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3687126636505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.3683815002441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.279129296541214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1803494691848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02592155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02592155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193920097","display_name":"Mathematical Programming","issn_l":"0025-5610","issn":["0025-5610","1436-4646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327324","display_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","ror":"https://ror.org/02wfhk785"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25288802","https://openalex.org/W100047846","https://openalex.org/W1511786623","https://openalex.org/W1551360398","https://openalex.org/W1566027928","https://openalex.org/W1967512593","https://openalex.org/W1969007958","https://openalex.org/W1981264388","https://openalex.org/W2002569352","https://openalex.org/W2019329666","https://openalex.org/W2032912812","https://openalex.org/W2038407338","https://openalex.org/W2038426159","https://openalex.org/W2040358553","https://openalex.org/W2044121814","https://openalex.org/W2052695292","https://openalex.org/W2078566378","https://openalex.org/W2082155171","https://openalex.org/W2087294763","https://openalex.org/W2094065539","https://openalex.org/W2094721569","https://openalex.org/W2100760548","https://openalex.org/W2100794443","https://openalex.org/W2102266280","https://openalex.org/W2114456743","https://openalex.org/W2117897510","https://openalex.org/W2118152326","https://openalex.org/W2118811599","https://openalex.org/W2491598486","https://openalex.org/W2501350002","https://openalex.org/W2787523326","https://openalex.org/W2912091644","https://openalex.org/W4247775241","https://openalex.org/W4249667877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2503350049","https://openalex.org/W2329386257","https://openalex.org/W2397616145","https://openalex.org/W2397320258","https://openalex.org/W1988477118","https://openalex.org/W4324058133","https://openalex.org/W648618910","https://openalex.org/W4296658948","https://openalex.org/W3167355683","https://openalex.org/W3211565028"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}