{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071236112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02249045","title":"Avoiding metric monsters: A design metrics approach","display_name":"Avoiding metric monsters: A design metrics approach","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071236112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02249045","mag":"2071236112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02249045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02249045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104191512","display_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","issn_l":"1022-7091","issn":["1022-7091","1573-7489"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042937552","display_name":"Wayne M. Zage","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198089087","display_name":"Ball State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00k6tx165","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wayne M. Zage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Ball State University, 47306, Muncie, IN, USA","Computer Science Department, Ball State University, Muncie, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Ball State University, 47306, Muncie, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Ball State University, Muncie, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026408103","display_name":"Dolores Zage","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198089087","display_name":"Ball State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00k6tx165","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dolores M. Zage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Ball State University, 47306, Muncie, IN, USA","Computer Science Department, Ball State University, Muncie, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Ball State University, 47306, Muncie, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Ball State University, Muncie, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031493046","display_name":"Cathy Wilburn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2948394018","display_name":"Northrop Grumman (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05kewds18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2948394018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cathy Wilburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northrop Grumman Corporation, Electronics Systems Division, 60008, Rolling Meadows, IL, USA","Northrop Grumman Corporation, Electronics Systems Division, Rolling Meadows, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northrop Grumman Corporation, Electronics Systems Division, 60008, Rolling Meadows, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2948394018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northrop Grumman Corporation, Electronics Systems Division, Rolling Meadows, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2948394018"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042937552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198089087"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25241572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"43","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.7265334129333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-metric","display_name":"Software metric","score":0.6955333948135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6281501054763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-metric","display_name":"Product metric","score":0.5560048222541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.537672758102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.5113984942436218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4999418258666992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.47832298278808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46296218037605286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-sizing","display_name":"Software sizing","score":0.4566866159439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.41765695810317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4133909046649933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.4073069393634796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20300734043121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11580756306648254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0822199285030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric-space","display_name":"Metric space","score":0.08200830221176147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.7265334129333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82214349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657339","display_name":"Software metric","level":5,"score":0.6955333948135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6281501054763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154497576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247777","display_name":"Product metric","level":3,"score":0.5560048222541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.537672758102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.5113984942436218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4999418258666992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.47832298278808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46296218037605286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201515116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554363","display_name":"Software sizing","level":5,"score":0.4566866159439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41765695810317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4133909046649933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.4073069393634796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20300734043121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11580756306648254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0822199285030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198043062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180953","display_name":"Metric space","level":2,"score":0.08200830221176147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02249045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02249045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104191512","display_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","issn_l":"1022-7091","issn":["1022-7091","1573-7489"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81979602","https://openalex.org/W209488640","https://openalex.org/W610493252","https://openalex.org/W1493709474","https://openalex.org/W1544962228","https://openalex.org/W1549845304","https://openalex.org/W1575961892","https://openalex.org/W1754864101","https://openalex.org/W1856203234","https://openalex.org/W1964962870","https://openalex.org/W1972289123","https://openalex.org/W2010367312","https://openalex.org/W2010536692","https://openalex.org/W2013210184","https://openalex.org/W2016031648","https://openalex.org/W2021503621","https://openalex.org/W2025043404","https://openalex.org/W2055358168","https://openalex.org/W2059963347","https://openalex.org/W2089241627","https://openalex.org/W2134148845","https://openalex.org/W2151089959","https://openalex.org/W2151205503","https://openalex.org/W2154918210","https://openalex.org/W2155156742","https://openalex.org/W2734354981","https://openalex.org/W2913040896","https://openalex.org/W3028995341","https://openalex.org/W3030365691","https://openalex.org/W6682116053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068483578","https://openalex.org/W3016442572","https://openalex.org/W2035094897","https://openalex.org/W2182881874","https://openalex.org/W2140677443","https://openalex.org/W2041178519","https://openalex.org/W2545684011","https://openalex.org/W2022933252","https://openalex.org/W6016662","https://openalex.org/W2031615215"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
