{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049900491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02106515","title":"On the bit error probability of QAM modulation","display_name":"On the bit error probability of QAM modulation","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049900491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02106515","mag":"2049900491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02106515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02106515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81442583","display_name":"International Journal of Wireless Information Networks","issn_l":"1068-9605","issn":["1068-9605","1572-8129"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Wireless Information Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110538591","display_name":"Michael P. Fitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael P. Fitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907-1285, West Lafayette, Indiana","School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907-1285, West Lafayette, Indiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061682906","display_name":"J.P. Seymour","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James P. Seymour","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907-1285, West Lafayette, Indiana","School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907-1285, West Lafayette, Indiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110538591"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1684,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90955052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"131","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.7566007375717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7399802803993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.6815663576126099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.6716644763946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.6623397469520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5507298111915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5383250713348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-of-error","display_name":"Probability of error","score":0.5347795486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5297661423683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-coding","display_name":"Differential coding","score":0.48672130703926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-code","display_name":"Gray code","score":0.4701084494590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.424513578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-gain","display_name":"Coding gain","score":0.42156556248664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4134123921394348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3643527328968048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.19867289066314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09529972076416016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.7566007375717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7399802803993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.6815663576126099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.6716644763946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.6623397469520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5507298111915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5383250713348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92224547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1673216","display_name":"Probability of error","level":2,"score":0.5347795486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5297661423683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79880414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275338","display_name":"Differential coding","level":3,"score":0.48672130703926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129861397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332772","display_name":"Gray code","level":2,"score":0.4701084494590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.424513578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.42156556248664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4134123921394348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3643527328968048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.19867289066314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09529972076416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02106515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02106515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81442583","display_name":"International Journal of Wireless Information Networks","issn_l":"1068-9605","issn":["1068-9605","1572-8129"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Wireless Information Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308668","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309036","display_name":"Purdue University","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310486","display_name":"University of Dayton","ror":"https://ror.org/021v3qy27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1635331037","https://openalex.org/W2056414370","https://openalex.org/W2099247237","https://openalex.org/W2101565019","https://openalex.org/W2105410497","https://openalex.org/W2110733636","https://openalex.org/W2120062331","https://openalex.org/W2135101125","https://openalex.org/W2156737901","https://openalex.org/W2159705304","https://openalex.org/W2506999914","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W2802618454","https://openalex.org/W2913817822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W80179296","https://openalex.org/W2128592253","https://openalex.org/W2142215613","https://openalex.org/W3144984762","https://openalex.org/W1596591110","https://openalex.org/W2156469424","https://openalex.org/W2105720880","https://openalex.org/W4387489760","https://openalex.org/W1526007253","https://openalex.org/W3201695320"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}