{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026348721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01704903","title":"On time versus space III","display_name":"On time versus space III","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026348721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01704903","mag":"2026348721"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf01704903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01704903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177266","display_name":"Theory of Computing Systems","issn_l":"1432-4350","issn":["1432-4350","1433-0490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Systems Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087025582","display_name":"Joseph Y. Halpern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9229-1663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Y. Halpern","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, 95193, San Jose, California, USA","IBM Research , San Jose, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, 95193, San Jose, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research , San Jose, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059018318","display_name":"Michael C. Loui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3871-0724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael C. Loui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801, Urbana, Illinois, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801, Urbana, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104063086","display_name":"Albert R. Meyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8900-0850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert R. Meyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA","Laboratory for Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010616748","display_name":"Daniel Weise","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6989-5074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Weise","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA","Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9889,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74476418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"13","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.7781496047973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-machine","display_name":"Turing machine","score":0.7119206786155701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7046251893043518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logarithm","display_name":"Logarithm","score":0.561824381351471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5482277870178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4666711390018463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.46030309796333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4578785300254822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22227221727371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2152816355228424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1512732207775116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.7781496047973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29248071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163310","display_name":"Turing machine","level":3,"score":0.7119206786155701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7046251893043518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.561824381351471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5482277870178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4666711390018463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.46030309796333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4578785300254822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22227221727371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2152816355228424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1512732207775116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf01704903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01704903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177266","display_name":"Theory of Computing Systems","issn_l":"1432-4350","issn":["1432-4350","1433-0490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Systems Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/74061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/74061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401358","display_name":"Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois System","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Technical Report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W421997344","https://openalex.org/W1540038024","https://openalex.org/W1963576748","https://openalex.org/W1976463987","https://openalex.org/W1980572240","https://openalex.org/W1984849808","https://openalex.org/W1986261983","https://openalex.org/W1989122074","https://openalex.org/W2002089154","https://openalex.org/W2009798194","https://openalex.org/W2035367168","https://openalex.org/W2050000128","https://openalex.org/W2062934582","https://openalex.org/W2066947547","https://openalex.org/W2084764151","https://openalex.org/W2488665882","https://openalex.org/W4302339081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206656328","https://openalex.org/W2004213838","https://openalex.org/W2133856250","https://openalex.org/W2111129500","https://openalex.org/W1994143146","https://openalex.org/W1558039349","https://openalex.org/W1579023793","https://openalex.org/W2887178024","https://openalex.org/W2026348721","https://openalex.org/W1596616142"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}