{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986999264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01530762","title":"Logic programming and reasoning with incomplete information","display_name":"Logic programming and reasoning with incomplete information","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986999264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01530762","mag":"1986999264"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf01530762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01530762","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90199469","display_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"1012-2443","issn":["1012-2443","1573-7470"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029745883","display_name":"Michael Gelfond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-3092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Gelfond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Texas at El Paso, 79968, El Paso, TX, USA","Computer Science Department, University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Texas at El Paso, 79968, El Paso, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029745883"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0374,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":122,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97853869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1-2","first_page":"89","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-reasoner","display_name":"Semantic reasoner","score":0.7313123941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"Negation","score":0.6868877410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5933046340942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stable-model-semantics","display_name":"Stable model semantics","score":0.5911107063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5692042708396912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5361810326576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/answer-set-programming","display_name":"Answer set programming","score":0.5211853384971619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.5185471177101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-programming","display_name":"Logic programming","score":0.4929006099700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4711804687976837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.439298152923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal-logic","display_name":"Modal logic","score":0.43789276480674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4377594292163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.43219491839408875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation-as-failure","display_name":"Negation as failure","score":0.41517969965934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3831581771373749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.34091514348983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.29051026701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-semantics","display_name":"Operational semantics","score":0.22581249475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9616225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3929429","display_name":"Semantic reasoner","level":2,"score":0.7313123941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.6868877410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5933046340942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127001435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595770","display_name":"Stable model semantics","level":4,"score":0.5911107063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5692042708396912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5361810326576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182620335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2852531","display_name":"Answer set programming","level":3,"score":0.5211853384971619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.5185471177101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128838566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275603","display_name":"Logic programming","level":2,"score":0.4929006099700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4711804687976837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.439298152923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27508121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210841","display_name":"Modal logic","level":3,"score":0.43789276480674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4377594292163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.43219491839408875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194146651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119400","display_name":"Negation as failure","level":5,"score":0.41517969965934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3831581771373749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.34091514348983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.29051026701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930895","display_name":"Operational semantics","level":3,"score":0.22581249475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf01530762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01530762","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90199469","display_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"1012-2443","issn":["1012-2443","1573-7470"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.47.5799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.47.5799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cs.utep.edu/gelfond/papers/annals.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.85.7791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.85.7791","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.ttu.edu/~mgelfond/papers/annals.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31382559","https://openalex.org/W50111213","https://openalex.org/W101701348","https://openalex.org/W125328907","https://openalex.org/W192368243","https://openalex.org/W207962917","https://openalex.org/W1494051470","https://openalex.org/W1505787149","https://openalex.org/W1511711492","https://openalex.org/W1524811847","https://openalex.org/W1538563044","https://openalex.org/W1580770061","https://openalex.org/W1596105581","https://openalex.org/W1601625095","https://openalex.org/W1603049456","https://openalex.org/W1672891595","https://openalex.org/W1756530980","https://openalex.org/W1766332311","https://openalex.org/W1924904173","https://openalex.org/W1966552757","https://openalex.org/W1966761138","https://openalex.org/W1967701834","https://openalex.org/W1985819576","https://openalex.org/W1991972474","https://openalex.org/W1996347293","https://openalex.org/W2018830344","https://openalex.org/W2058656940","https://openalex.org/W2076698873","https://openalex.org/W2082880188","https://openalex.org/W2090825759","https://openalex.org/W2105486835","https://openalex.org/W2155322595","https://openalex.org/W2411085520","https://openalex.org/W2913952264","https://openalex.org/W2945259913","https://openalex.org/W3000457705","https://openalex.org/W6634202767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1630259549","https://openalex.org/W2951547617","https://openalex.org/W2113913457","https://openalex.org/W2103767425","https://openalex.org/W1756530980","https://openalex.org/W2122876137","https://openalex.org/W1627528933","https://openalex.org/W2134039900","https://openalex.org/W1486420626","https://openalex.org/W2785378597"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}