{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2032889498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00288746","title":"Automatic program verification I: A logical basis and its implementation","display_name":"Automatic program verification I: A logical basis and its implementation","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2032889498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00288746","mag":"2032889498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00288746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00288746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84409463","display_name":"Acta Informatica","issn_l":"0001-5903","issn":["0001-5903","1432-0525"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113823168","display_name":"Shigeru Igarashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","display_name":"Kyoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shigeru Igarashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University, 606, Kyoto, Japan","Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 606#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University, 606, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 606#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011579781","display_name":"Ralph L. London","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph L. London","raw_affiliation_strings":["USC Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, 90291, Marina del Rey, California, USA","USC Information Sciences Institute, Marina del Rey, USA 90291#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, 90291, Marina del Rey, California, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC Information Sciences Institute, Marina del Rey, USA 90291#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018674372","display_name":"D Luckham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Luckham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, California, USA","Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, USA 94305"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, USA 94305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113823168"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":69.5065,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":159,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99930543,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"145","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7022806406021118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-theorem-proving","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","score":0.6654984354972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separation-logic","display_name":"Separation logic","score":0.6617218255996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6516817808151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.6484293937683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pascal","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","score":0.5648004412651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-inference","display_name":"Rule of inference","score":0.5232762098312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiom","display_name":"Axiom","score":0.5124240517616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-meter-prover","display_name":"Gas meter prover","score":0.49452587962150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequent","display_name":"Sequent","score":0.4649803340435028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-deduction","display_name":"Natural deduction","score":0.44203802943229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4277046024799347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3224766254425049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7022806406021118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206880738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431667","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","level":2,"score":0.6654984354972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173856430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3257964","display_name":"Separation logic","level":2,"score":0.6617218255996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6516817808151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.6484293937683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75608658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44395","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5648004412651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3746660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068763","display_name":"Rule of inference","level":2,"score":0.5232762098312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167729594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17736","display_name":"Axiom","level":2,"score":0.5124240517616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159718280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5526353","display_name":"Gas meter prover","level":3,"score":0.49452587962150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89421646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843632","display_name":"Sequent","level":2,"score":0.4649803340435028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62073222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1572108","display_name":"Natural deduction","level":2,"score":0.44203802943229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4277046024799347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3224766254425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00288746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00288746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84409463","display_name":"Acta Informatica","issn_l":"0001-5903","issn":["0001-5903","1432-0525"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52272913","https://openalex.org/W1512370804","https://openalex.org/W1572470107","https://openalex.org/W1575822024","https://openalex.org/W1579167839","https://openalex.org/W1593280365","https://openalex.org/W2007419773","https://openalex.org/W2030725287","https://openalex.org/W2051283794","https://openalex.org/W2095224573","https://openalex.org/W2111706174","https://openalex.org/W2142018213","https://openalex.org/W2160363852","https://openalex.org/W2792939069","https://openalex.org/W2987907651","https://openalex.org/W3145405294","https://openalex.org/W3145693741","https://openalex.org/W3146075203","https://openalex.org/W4251912342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W27959772","https://openalex.org/W4236940717","https://openalex.org/W2170954486","https://openalex.org/W2108922266","https://openalex.org/W3207903955","https://openalex.org/W2148583679","https://openalex.org/W1525047654","https://openalex.org/W4206913075","https://openalex.org/W1499822848","https://openalex.org/W2160135306"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}