{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044942784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00260923","title":"Algebraic program testing","display_name":"Algebraic program testing","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044942784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00260923","mag":"2044942784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00260923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00260923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84409463","display_name":"Acta Informatica","issn_l":"0001-5903","issn":["0001-5903","1432-0525"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066317170","display_name":"William E. Howden","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"WilliamE. Howden","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada","[University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066317170"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6507,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97002725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7272288203239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.7156462669372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.7052978277206421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5687798261642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-number","display_name":"Algebraic number","score":0.561561644077301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5446982979774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.49900317192077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4943723678588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4727132022380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4721037447452545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44074803590774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence-class","display_name":"Equivalence class (music)","score":0.42857763171195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.365012526512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33947619795799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.24934440851211548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.16634848713874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07615730166435242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7272288203239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.7156462669372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.7052978277206421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5687798261642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9376300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817","display_name":"Algebraic number","level":2,"score":0.561561644077301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5446982979774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49900317192077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4943723678588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4727132022380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4721037447452545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44074803590774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777044963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384707","display_name":"Equivalence class (music)","level":2,"score":0.42857763171195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.365012526512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33947619795799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.24934440851211548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.16634848713874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07615730166435242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00260923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00260923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84409463","display_name":"Acta Informatica","issn_l":"0001-5903","issn":["0001-5903","1432-0525"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Informatica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541329984","https://openalex.org/W1978474592","https://openalex.org/W1983342812","https://openalex.org/W1995109607","https://openalex.org/W1996528637","https://openalex.org/W2006159725","https://openalex.org/W2018229346","https://openalex.org/W2028914085","https://openalex.org/W2040368451","https://openalex.org/W2043283064","https://openalex.org/W2082314913","https://openalex.org/W2094382938","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2109276114","https://openalex.org/W2121112004","https://openalex.org/W2132840411","https://openalex.org/W2154892829","https://openalex.org/W2164836255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985481086","https://openalex.org/W4224026286","https://openalex.org/W157554648","https://openalex.org/W2016580477","https://openalex.org/W2003538433","https://openalex.org/W2382232876","https://openalex.org/W2337746918","https://openalex.org/W2913145454","https://openalex.org/W2161692297","https://openalex.org/W285605535"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
