{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014208770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00205976","title":"An associative memory that can form hypotheses: a phase-coded neural network","display_name":"An associative memory that can form hypotheses: a phase-coded neural network","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014208770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00205976","mag":"2014208770","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7880916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00205976","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00205976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049333409","display_name":"Niels Kunstmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels Kunstmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074247828","display_name":"Claus Hillermeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-7556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claus Hillermeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333, Munich, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077333590","display_name":"Bernhard Rabus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-7423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Rabus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333, Munich, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042470831","display_name":"Paul Tavan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Tavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333, Munich, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Theresienstrasse 37, D-80333, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Optik, Theoretische Biophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5654,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74026361,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"2","first_page":"119","last_page":"132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content-addressable-memory","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","score":0.8492534756660461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7464945316314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attractor","display_name":"Attractor","score":0.6789640188217163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-associative-memory","display_name":"Bidirectional associative memory","score":0.6430948972702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/associative-property","display_name":"Associative property","score":0.6235141158103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5990458726882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5406976938247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopfield-network","display_name":"Hopfield network","score":0.5305448174476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5161643624305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nervous-system-network-models","display_name":"Nervous system network models","score":0.49131718277931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.46095752716064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.43845903873443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.41996943950653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34815043210983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-neural-network","display_name":"Time delay neural network","score":0.31216174364089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28241515159606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/types-of-artificial-neural-networks","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","score":0.26445019245147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.11333659291267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09086677432060242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53442348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745101","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","level":3,"score":0.8492534756660461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7464945316314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164380108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507187","display_name":"Attractor","level":2,"score":0.6789640188217163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120620853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506355","display_name":"Bidirectional associative memory","level":4,"score":0.6430948972702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159423971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177251","display_name":"Associative property","level":2,"score":0.6235141158103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5990458726882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5406976938247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46421273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407668","display_name":"Hopfield network","level":3,"score":0.5305448174476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5161643624305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173079777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4299350","display_name":"Nervous system network models","level":5,"score":0.49131718277931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46095752716064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.43845903873443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41996943950653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34815043210983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.31216174364089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28241515159606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177973122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860946","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","level":4,"score":0.26445019245147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.11333659291267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09086677432060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00205976","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00205976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7880916","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7880916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526844937","https://openalex.org/W1568617409","https://openalex.org/W1884390770","https://openalex.org/W1970363173","https://openalex.org/W1991848143","https://openalex.org/W1991860797","https://openalex.org/W1994917466","https://openalex.org/W2015855206","https://openalex.org/W2019495693","https://openalex.org/W2021098237","https://openalex.org/W2024390075","https://openalex.org/W2041491518","https://openalex.org/W2047420229","https://openalex.org/W2079948225","https://openalex.org/W2084134149","https://openalex.org/W2085319761","https://openalex.org/W2095425517","https://openalex.org/W2126510990","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2142373488","https://openalex.org/W2171277043","https://openalex.org/W2317098815","https://openalex.org/W2329559012","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W3124563337","https://openalex.org/W4248962578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321273133","https://openalex.org/W1536116856","https://openalex.org/W2109892802","https://openalex.org/W2769111744","https://openalex.org/W2390617758","https://openalex.org/W2147932521","https://openalex.org/W2050720944","https://openalex.org/W2260028708","https://openalex.org/W2144581752","https://openalex.org/W1503438809"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
