{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2039972176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00203129","title":"Reconstructing muscle activation during normal walking: a comparison of symbolic and connectionist machine learning techniques","display_name":"Reconstructing muscle activation during normal walking: a comparison of symbolic and connectionist machine learning techniques","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2039972176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00203129","mag":"2039972176","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8218535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00203129","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00203129","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014199879","display_name":"Ben Heller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-8170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben W. Heller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland","Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080611863","display_name":"Petrus H. Veltink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1796-9999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter H. Veltink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","Biomedical Engineering Division, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Division, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061054457","display_name":"Nico Rijkhoff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nico J. M. Rijkhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Katholic University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands","Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Katholic University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Katholic University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Katholic University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047035793","display_name":"Wim Rutten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wim L. C. Rutten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","Biomedical Engineering Division, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Division, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113993235","display_name":"Brian Andrews","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian J. Andrews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland","Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6239,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92300776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"4","first_page":"327","last_page":"335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connectionism","display_name":"Connectionism","score":0.6469916105270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6461929082870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5929602980613708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5618034601211548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.5597283840179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5358656048774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-rule","display_name":"Learning rule","score":0.48972633481025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-dynamics","display_name":"Inverse dynamics","score":0.4564831256866455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8521452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203790","display_name":"Connectionism","level":3,"score":0.6469916105270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6461929082870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5929602980613708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5618034601211548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.5597283840179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5358656048774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779127903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510194","display_name":"Learning rule","level":3,"score":0.48972633481025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187523126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17098330","display_name":"Inverse dynamics","level":3,"score":0.4564831256866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000886","descriptor_name":"Anthropometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000886","descriptor_name":"Anthropometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000886","descriptor_name":"Anthropometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001701","descriptor_name":"Bionics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001701","descriptor_name":"Bionics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001701","descriptor_name":"Bionics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009132","descriptor_name":"Muscles","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009132","descriptor_name":"Muscles","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009132","descriptor_name":"Muscles","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00203129","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00203129","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8218535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8218535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological cybernetics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/bd8ba6dc-ffb0-4499-99a4-d7b1bff3de66","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/bd8ba6dc-ffb0-4499-99a4-d7b1bff3de66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heller, B W, Veltink, P H, Rijkhoff, N J M, Rijkhoff, N J M, Rutten, W & Andrews, B J 1993, 'Reconstructing muscle activation during normal walking: a comparison of symbolic and connectionist machine learning techniques', Biological cybernetics, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 327-335. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00203129","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/bd8ba6dc-ffb0-4499-99a4-d7b1bff3de66","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:shura.shu.ac.uk:2188","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://shura.shu.ac.uk/2188/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401600","display_name":"SHURA (Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive) (Sheffield Hallam University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","host_organization_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555601014","https://openalex.org/W1559570474","https://openalex.org/W1604329830","https://openalex.org/W1967390580","https://openalex.org/W1972297036","https://openalex.org/W1976123439","https://openalex.org/W2003999060","https://openalex.org/W2013578649","https://openalex.org/W2027878288","https://openalex.org/W2048908542","https://openalex.org/W2081074209","https://openalex.org/W2085581281","https://openalex.org/W2101927907","https://openalex.org/W2102022814","https://openalex.org/W2127733921","https://openalex.org/W2132267483","https://openalex.org/W2134917048","https://openalex.org/W2155732403","https://openalex.org/W2471413547","https://openalex.org/W2473096581","https://openalex.org/W2535042245","https://openalex.org/W2605974740","https://openalex.org/W3181568694","https://openalex.org/W4211007335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205841273","https://openalex.org/W4205525690","https://openalex.org/W1732468982","https://openalex.org/W1761388607","https://openalex.org/W1997922073","https://openalex.org/W350032239","https://openalex.org/W2604685715","https://openalex.org/W134701156","https://openalex.org/W1980960668","https://openalex.org/W2072487852"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
