{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078833467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00201856","title":"Neural organization of the locomotive oscillator","display_name":"Neural organization of the locomotive oscillator","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078833467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00201856","mag":"2078833467","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8476975"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00201856","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00201856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108202906","display_name":"Barry E. Willner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barry E. Willner","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598","IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110450574","display_name":"Willard L. Miranker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willard L. Miranker","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, 10598, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, 10598, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111939594","display_name":"Chien-Ping Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Ping Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, 10598, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, 10598, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108202906"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79832384,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"4","first_page":"307","last_page":"320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-system","display_name":"Neural system","score":0.6878657341003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5926429033279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5417921543121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.462338387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4551125168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system","display_name":"Complex system","score":0.42637503147125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3859253227710724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.36947304010391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30952590703964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15185126662254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.11344513297080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.07673320174217224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986949344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9404","display_name":"Neural system","level":2,"score":0.6878657341003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5926429033279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5417921543121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.462338387966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4551125168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.42637503147125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3859253227710724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.36947304010391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30952590703964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15185126662254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11344513297080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07673320174217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001683","descriptor_name":"Biological Clocks","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001683","descriptor_name":"Biological Clocks","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001683","descriptor_name":"Biological Clocks","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003491","descriptor_name":"Cybernetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003491","descriptor_name":"Cybernetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003491","descriptor_name":"Cybernetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008124","descriptor_name":"Locomotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008124","descriptor_name":"Locomotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008124","descriptor_name":"Locomotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009046","descriptor_name":"Motor Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009046","descriptor_name":"Motor Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009046","descriptor_name":"Motor Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009424","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009424","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009424","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00201856","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00201856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8476975","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8476975","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22297218","https://openalex.org/W1526180724","https://openalex.org/W1596450476","https://openalex.org/W1932061758","https://openalex.org/W2021447997","https://openalex.org/W2047420229","https://openalex.org/W2083395300","https://openalex.org/W2087103619","https://openalex.org/W2094009111","https://openalex.org/W2122172193","https://openalex.org/W4251731575","https://openalex.org/W4253632718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391251536","https://openalex.org/W2465918047","https://openalex.org/W2362198218","https://openalex.org/W2019521278","https://openalex.org/W1984922432","https://openalex.org/W2375008505","https://openalex.org/W2086348228","https://openalex.org/W2350679292","https://openalex.org/W1982750869","https://openalex.org/W2086567071"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}