{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401521889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5934-7_24","title":"Assessing the\u00a0Text Readability by\u00a0Use of\u00a0Language Model Embeddings","display_name":"Assessing the\u00a0Text Readability by\u00a0Use of\u00a0Language Model Embeddings","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401521889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5934-7_24"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5934-7_24","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5934-7_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015493384","display_name":"Krzysztof Sopy\u0142a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-5649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115435","display_name":"University of Computer Sciences and Economics in Olsztyn","ror":"https://ror.org/0365deq57","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Sopyla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ermlab sp. z o.o., Olsztyn, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-5649","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ermlab sp. z o.o., Olsztyn, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106451096","display_name":"\u0141ukasz Sawaniewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-7602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115435","display_name":"University of Computer Sciences and Economics in Olsztyn","ror":"https://ror.org/0365deq57","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0141ukasz Sawaniewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ermlab sp. z o.o., Olsztyn, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-7602","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ermlab sp. z o.o., Olsztyn, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077565916","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Drozda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3163-9408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47996466","display_name":"University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn","ror":"https://ror.org/05s4feg49","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47996466"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawel Drozda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3163-9408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47996466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045052575","display_name":"Aleksandra Ki\u015blak-Malinowska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-817X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115435","display_name":"University of Computer Sciences and Economics in Olsztyn","ror":"https://ror.org/0365deq57","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47996466","display_name":"University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn","ror":"https://ror.org/05s4feg49","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47996466"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandra Ki\u015blak-Malinowska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ermlab sp. z o.o., Olsztyn, Poland","Faculty Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-817X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ermlab sp. z o.o., Olsztyn, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47996466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015493384"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115435"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2801325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"283","last_page":"294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.9569721221923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6366386413574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5936299562454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.43491312861442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4297647178173065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.412763386964798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11204740405082703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10585135221481323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.9569721221923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6366386413574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5936299562454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.43491312861442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4297647178173065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.412763386964798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11204740405082703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10585135221481323}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5934-7_24","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5934-7_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133394232","https://openalex.org/W1967390364","https://openalex.org/W2048587526","https://openalex.org/W2073449354","https://openalex.org/W2098613353","https://openalex.org/W2117823388","https://openalex.org/W2153081451","https://openalex.org/W2791769113","https://openalex.org/W2806183494","https://openalex.org/W2896682018","https://openalex.org/W2927720632","https://openalex.org/W2938805059","https://openalex.org/W2978135578","https://openalex.org/W3125370327","https://openalex.org/W3202033218","https://openalex.org/W3202780679","https://openalex.org/W4205838175","https://openalex.org/W4221137552","https://openalex.org/W4285305182","https://openalex.org/W4293060179","https://openalex.org/W4400420757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964661231","https://openalex.org/W4254960163","https://openalex.org/W3110264473","https://openalex.org/W2370831213","https://openalex.org/W4315704968","https://openalex.org/W4285478380","https://openalex.org/W2100255360","https://openalex.org/W2140061545","https://openalex.org/W2032810564","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}