{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123358908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5676-2_2","title":"Elegantly Written V2: Next-Scale Prediction for\u00a0Enhancing Online Chinese Handwriting","display_name":"Elegantly Written V2: Next-Scale Prediction for\u00a0Enhancing Online Chinese Handwriting","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123358908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5676-2_2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-95-5676-2_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5676-2_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122848037","display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China","Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3181-8409","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114202823","display_name":"Yuqiu Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqiu Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-204X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yang Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2507-9484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106645853","display_name":"Changchun University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/007mntk44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2507-9484","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012048337","display_name":"F. Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7545-3606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122908938","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4187-4037","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050583733","display_name":"CunRui Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cunrui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-0992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian Chinese Font Design Technology Innovation Center, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050583733"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I4210092944"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3225416,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"20","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9257000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9257000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.017799999564886093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.012799999676644802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.8780999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.6753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4018000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-style","display_name":"Writing style","score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.3635999858379364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8881999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.8780999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.6753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5795000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4018000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13622073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2243831","display_name":"Writing style","level":2,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779730394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529029","display_name":"Input method","level":2,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928819","display_name":"Viewpoints","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78148190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8192","display_name":"Writing system","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44868376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099089","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","level":4,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67905146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287646","display_name":"Document processing","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134949993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2068617","display_name":"Pencil (optics)","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781341000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1468902","display_name":"Writing process","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599","display_name":"sort","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-95-5676-2_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5676-2_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8646175861358643,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156338447","https://openalex.org/W2255466643","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2963047498","https://openalex.org/W2986308530","https://openalex.org/W3004724110","https://openalex.org/W3172982755","https://openalex.org/W3173630418","https://openalex.org/W3180355996","https://openalex.org/W3205365976","https://openalex.org/W4321505007","https://openalex.org/W4386065864","https://openalex.org/W4386076475","https://openalex.org/W4386570659","https://openalex.org/W4388572369","https://openalex.org/W4390872297","https://openalex.org/W4402782554","https://openalex.org/W4403842544","https://openalex.org/W4404725181","https://openalex.org/W4408224928","https://openalex.org/W4409001405","https://openalex.org/W4409784917","https://openalex.org/W4413145894"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}
