{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135101612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_7","title":"Semantic Annotation of\u00a0Energy Data Using Ensemble Decision-Making with\u00a0Large Language Models","display_name":"Semantic Annotation of\u00a0Energy Data Using Ensemble Decision-Making with\u00a0Large Language Models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135101612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128864300","display_name":"Zhiyu Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyu Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027466503","display_name":"Yongli Mou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-0107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongli Mou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Computer Science 5, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornst. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Computer Science 5, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornst. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121541370","display_name":"Fengshuo Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengshuo Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114761642","display_name":"Yuting Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuting Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128901645","display_name":"Stefan Decker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110507","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01ak24c12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110507","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Decker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Computer Science 5, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornst. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Computer Science 5, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornst. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128913376","display_name":"Antonello Monti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110507","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01ak24c12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110507","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonello Monti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany","Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Mathieustr. 10, 52074, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128864300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9779661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"95","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.33629998564720154,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.33629998564720154,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.17249999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.07490000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7502999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7095000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-interoperability","display_name":"Semantic interoperability","score":0.6230999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-annotation","display_name":"Semantic annotation","score":0.614300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-data-model","display_name":"Semantic data model","score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-computing","display_name":"Semantic computing","score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-technology","display_name":"Semantic technology","score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.40560001134872437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.891700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7502999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7095000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192800085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5258530","display_name":"Semantic interoperability","level":3,"score":0.6230999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985727698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Semantic annotation","level":3,"score":0.614300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4765999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90312973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449052","display_name":"Semantic data model","level":2,"score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511149849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449051","display_name":"Semantic computing","level":3,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4113999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6881194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449091","display_name":"Semantic technology","level":4,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.40560001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103692084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1765824","display_name":"Semantic grid","level":3,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7044111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15844891","display_name":"Temporal annotation","level":5,"score":0.3644999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137314826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2330408","display_name":"Data mapping","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778180026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18378163","display_name":"Semantic heterogeneity","level":4,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130318100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268914","display_name":"Semantic similarity","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100463513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227322","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110903229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449064","display_name":"Semantic integration","level":4,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103017472","https://openalex.org/W2760618582","https://openalex.org/W3092613928","https://openalex.org/W3145728363","https://openalex.org/W3159515793","https://openalex.org/W3170841864","https://openalex.org/W4200542463","https://openalex.org/W4212857913","https://openalex.org/W4382246105","https://openalex.org/W4387490429","https://openalex.org/W4387781773"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T06:41:57.775601","created_date":"2026-03-13T00:00:00"}