{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998500863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1956-7_8","title":"A Survey of Question Answering over Knowledge Base","display_name":"A Survey of Question Answering over Knowledge Base","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998500863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1956-7_8","mag":"2998500863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1956-7_8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1956-7_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037093361","display_name":"Peiyun Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peiyun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030524599","display_name":"Xiaowang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3931-3886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001714538","display_name":"Zhiyong Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-222X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037093361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98139535,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"86","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.8280221819877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7766233682632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.7504839897155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mainstream","display_name":"Mainstream","score":0.71631920337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.6352893710136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.5774146318435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49765732884407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4754754602909088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4661857783794403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.460803747177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.44980043172836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.4488051235675812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3979445993900299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33100634813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16501912474632263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08513662219047546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.05472928285598755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.8280221819877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7766233682632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.7504839897155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.71631920337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6352893710136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.5774146318435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49765732884407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4754754602909088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4661857783794403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.460803747177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.44980043172836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4488051235675812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3979445993900299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33100634813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16501912474632263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08513662219047546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.05472928285598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1956-7_8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1956-7_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102708294","https://openalex.org/W147290778","https://openalex.org/W580074167","https://openalex.org/W1490016396","https://openalex.org/W1539162551","https://openalex.org/W1590045793","https://openalex.org/W1801721664","https://openalex.org/W1894439495","https://openalex.org/W2022166150","https://openalex.org/W2094728533","https://openalex.org/W2111742432","https://openalex.org/W2122865749","https://openalex.org/W2126170172","https://openalex.org/W2142898321","https://openalex.org/W2148721079","https://openalex.org/W2151149636","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2163561827","https://openalex.org/W2227250678","https://openalex.org/W2251079237","https://openalex.org/W2251287417","https://openalex.org/W2251289180","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2252136820","https://openalex.org/W2341820192","https://openalex.org/W2411418050","https://openalex.org/W2471900581","https://openalex.org/W2546950329","https://openalex.org/W2572289264","https://openalex.org/W2591368218","https://openalex.org/W2739716023","https://openalex.org/W2759281352","https://openalex.org/W2797383850","https://openalex.org/W2888128175","https://openalex.org/W2951278025","https://openalex.org/W2962985038","https://openalex.org/W2963143606","https://openalex.org/W2963655104","https://openalex.org/W2963660055","https://openalex.org/W2963794306","https://openalex.org/W2964236999","https://openalex.org/W3099235767","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134247745","https://openalex.org/W4226243593","https://openalex.org/W3172691639","https://openalex.org/W2963582704","https://openalex.org/W4285816982","https://openalex.org/W3157284875","https://openalex.org/W2259406085","https://openalex.org/W2099715052","https://openalex.org/W4226247999","https://openalex.org/W4213176082"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}