{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905229914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3441-2_11","title":"Exploratory Analysis of MNIST Handwritten Digit for Machine Learning Modelling","display_name":"Exploratory Analysis of MNIST Handwritten Digit for Machine Learning Modelling","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905229914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3441-2_11","mag":"2905229914"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3441-2_11","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3441-2_11","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073742692","display_name":"Mohd Razif Shamsuddin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82724352","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8tts92","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Razif Shamsuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025930812","display_name":"Shuzlina Abdul-Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82724352","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8tts92","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuzlina Abdul-Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065335604","display_name":"Azlinah Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-8763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82724352","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8tts92","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azlinah Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia","Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073742692"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9032,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89619493,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"134","last_page":"145"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.9925395250320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7394706010818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.711521327495575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.6967113018035889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.662512481212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digit-recognition","display_name":"Digit recognition","score":0.5575227737426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.5448482036590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5423139333724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4589051604270935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44124457240104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4103459417819977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.343738317489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3231293559074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2890666723251343}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.9925395250320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7394706010818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.711521327495575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.6967113018035889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.662512481212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984784707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Digit recognition","level":3,"score":0.5575227737426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.5448482036590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5423139333724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4589051604270935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44124457240104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4103459417819977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.343738317489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3231293559074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2890666723251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3441-2_11","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3441-2_11","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024502389","https://openalex.org/W2056132907","https://openalex.org/W2275995536","https://openalex.org/W2590796488","https://openalex.org/W2613541374","https://openalex.org/W2734358244","https://openalex.org/W2795627216","https://openalex.org/W2801897485","https://openalex.org/W2806066966","https://openalex.org/W2807998075","https://openalex.org/W2808976322","https://openalex.org/W2810099362","https://openalex.org/W2811075750","https://openalex.org/W2886009882","https://openalex.org/W2898730718","https://openalex.org/W4237909847","https://openalex.org/W4240052206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319227030","https://openalex.org/W3009478205","https://openalex.org/W3177693432","https://openalex.org/W4386615253","https://openalex.org/W4383755781","https://openalex.org/W3000371668","https://openalex.org/W4291923922","https://openalex.org/W4285815734","https://openalex.org/W1996535941","https://openalex.org/W2117356902"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
