{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2773076172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7305-2_2","title":"Two Novel Image-Based CAPTCHA Schemes Based on Visual Effects","display_name":"Two Novel Image-Based CAPTCHA Schemes Based on Visual Effects","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2773076172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7305-2_2","mag":"2773076172"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7305-2_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7305-2_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405781","display_name":"Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-6191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086029723","display_name":"Haichang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4969-5718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088907208","display_name":"Zhouhang Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhouhang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006741107","display_name":"Fang Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-0387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, Shaanxi, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100405781"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9083,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79017264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"14","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captcha","display_name":"CAPTCHA","score":0.9988853335380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8547368049621582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7209862470626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.650668203830719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5582067966461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5267750024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43810519576072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.433269202709198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3792562484741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.33597928285598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07549986243247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.06299597024917603}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163339463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484598","display_name":"CAPTCHA","level":2,"score":0.9988853335380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8547368049621582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7209862470626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.650668203830719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5582067966461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5267750024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43810519576072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.433269202709198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3792562484741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.33597928285598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07549986243247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.06299597024917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7305-2_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7305-2_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567048812","https://openalex.org/W1827297289","https://openalex.org/W1965205240","https://openalex.org/W1971657180","https://openalex.org/W1999034556","https://openalex.org/W2003735219","https://openalex.org/W2027717998","https://openalex.org/W2060853104","https://openalex.org/W2072410439","https://openalex.org/W2088301450","https://openalex.org/W2099256741","https://openalex.org/W2116241551","https://openalex.org/W2125561172","https://openalex.org/W2131572598","https://openalex.org/W2156749117","https://openalex.org/W2181904299","https://openalex.org/W2205169453","https://openalex.org/W2528437680","https://openalex.org/W3216204301","https://openalex.org/W4231610351","https://openalex.org/W4254515799"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134776999","https://openalex.org/W1975364925","https://openalex.org/W2064097623","https://openalex.org/W1966530388","https://openalex.org/W2566963304","https://openalex.org/W2028308373","https://openalex.org/W2111502540","https://openalex.org/W2770704788","https://openalex.org/W3133610743","https://openalex.org/W2167292282"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}