{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1846206282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","title":"Latent Variable Models","display_name":"Latent Variable Models","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1846206282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","mag":"1846206282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Learning in Graphical Models","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052891951","display_name":"Chris Bishop","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-8626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher M. Bishop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, St. George House, 1 Guildhall Street, Cambridge, CB2 3NH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, St. George House, 1 Guildhall Street, Cambridge, CB2 3NH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052891951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8018,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":179,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73279352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"371","last_page":"403"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-variable","display_name":"Latent variable","score":0.83394455909729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-variable-model","display_name":"Latent variable model","score":0.8079710602760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6460341811180115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-latent-semantic-analysis","display_name":"Probabilistic latent semantic analysis","score":0.6228395700454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-model","display_name":"Graphical model","score":0.5566719174385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-class-model","display_name":"Latent class model","score":0.5461995005607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-probability-distribution","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","score":0.5442628264427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-variable-theory","display_name":"Hidden variable theory","score":0.49234235286712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46566271781921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.4560305178165436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.41964632272720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.4196077883243561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41427645087242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38056379556655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3439715802669525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.26780104637145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13758200407028198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.83394455909729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65965080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806885","display_name":"Latent variable model","level":3,"score":0.8079710602760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6460341811180115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112933361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845258","display_name":"Probabilistic latent semantic analysis","level":2,"score":0.6228395700454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.5566719174385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.5461995005607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18653775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333358","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.5442628264427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137002209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898521","display_name":"Hidden variable theory","level":3,"score":0.49234235286712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46566271781921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4560305178165436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.41964632272720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.4196077883243561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41427645087242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38056379556655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3439715802669525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.26780104637145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13758200407028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Learning in Graphical Models","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.129.4734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.129.4734","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.research.microsoft.com/~cmbishop/downloads/Bishop-Latent-Erice-99.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13740476","https://openalex.org/W65738273","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1679913846","https://openalex.org/W2002597011","https://openalex.org/W2012725996","https://openalex.org/W2025653905","https://openalex.org/W2043303609","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2060542838","https://openalex.org/W2063698478","https://openalex.org/W2071128523","https://openalex.org/W2076818396","https://openalex.org/W2095917182","https://openalex.org/W2100659887","https://openalex.org/W2107636931","https://openalex.org/W2111842831","https://openalex.org/W2125027820","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2137483768","https://openalex.org/W2146610201","https://openalex.org/W2162383514","https://openalex.org/W2165918462","https://openalex.org/W2168958223","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2324309783","https://openalex.org/W2598912124","https://openalex.org/W3022351671","https://openalex.org/W4213332169","https://openalex.org/W4289257589","https://openalex.org/W4292494783","https://openalex.org/W4300528079","https://openalex.org/W4388297464","https://openalex.org/W6678358927","https://openalex.org/W7011386669","https://openalex.org/W7048074144"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185166290","https://openalex.org/W2952102737","https://openalex.org/W2091785906","https://openalex.org/W1549765610","https://openalex.org/W2729758100","https://openalex.org/W2036082694","https://openalex.org/W1514645777","https://openalex.org/W2138996412","https://openalex.org/W1603253275","https://openalex.org/W111011176"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
