{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2337103440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44616-4_3","title":"Representations and Algorithms","display_name":"Representations and Algorithms","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2337103440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44616-4_3","mag":"2337103440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44616-4_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44616-4_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186097","display_name":"Natural computing series","issn_l":"1619-7127","issn":["1619-7127","2627-6461"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing Series","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048789717","display_name":"Andy M. Tyrrell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-2404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andy M. Tyrrell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Group, Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Group, Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056241158","display_name":"Martin A. Trefzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-6832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin A. Trefzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Group, Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Group, Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13600583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"89","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9093000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9093000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.03920000046491623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolvable-hardware","display_name":"Evolvable hardware","score":0.9067388772964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6386680603027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.591930091381073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5641291737556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.54722660779953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.5160600543022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-electronics","display_name":"Digital electronics","score":0.5152900218963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.49003374576568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4607333838939667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.41637805104255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3736729025840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3411729633808136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32648342847824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2994554042816162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24928000569343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21688464283943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13799792528152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1129281222820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10178416967391968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776243922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5418727","display_name":"Evolvable hardware","level":3,"score":0.9067388772964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6386680603027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.591930091381073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5641291737556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.54722660779953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5160600543022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.5152900218963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.49003374576568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4607333838939667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.41637805104255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3736729025840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3411729633808136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32648342847824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2994554042816162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24928000569343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21688464283943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13799792528152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1129281222820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10178416967391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44616-4_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44616-4_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186097","display_name":"Natural computing series","issn_l":"1619-7127","issn":["1619-7127","2627-6461"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Computing Series","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980941056","https://openalex.org/W4386171363","https://openalex.org/W2124063107","https://openalex.org/W2126824963","https://openalex.org/W2358900512","https://openalex.org/W1957777527","https://openalex.org/W3011622325","https://openalex.org/W2011837598","https://openalex.org/W2181943374","https://openalex.org/W2116937409"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}