{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3106200569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_80","title":"Invertible Neural Networks for Uncertainty Quantification in Photoacoustic Imaging","display_name":"Invertible Neural Networks for Uncertainty Quantification in Photoacoustic Imaging","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3106200569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_80","mag":"3106200569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_80","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235615","display_name":"Informatik aktuell","issn_l":"1431-472X","issn":["1431-472X","2628-8958"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatik aktuell","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.05110","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028754172","display_name":"Jan-Hinrich N\u00f6lke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7600-3839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17937529","display_name":"German Cancer Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I17937529"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan-Hinrich N\u00f6lke","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Cancer Research Center"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Cancer Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080597416","display_name":"Tim Adler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-6629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17937529","display_name":"German Cancer Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I17937529"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Adler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Deutschland","Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Deutschland","German Cancer Research Center","Heidelberg University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529","https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Cancer Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heidelberg University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079169749","display_name":"Janek Gr\u00f6hl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5332-4856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17937529","display_name":"German Cancer Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I17937529"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janek Gr\u00f6hl","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Cancer Research Center"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Cancer Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048043382","display_name":"Thomas Kirchner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3819-1987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Kirchner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Schweiz","UNIVERSITY OF BERN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Schweiz","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF BERN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090402048","display_name":"Lynton Ardizzone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9777-1773"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynton Ardizzone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visual Learning Lab, HCI, IWR, Heidelberg, Deutschland","HCI, IWR"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Learning Lab, HCI, IWR, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI, IWR","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102921586","display_name":"Carsten Rother","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Rother","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visual Learning Lab, HCI, IWR, Heidelberg, Deutschland","HCI, IWR"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Learning Lab, HCI, IWR, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI, IWR","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110454166","display_name":"Ullrich K\u00f6the","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ullrich K\u00f6the","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI, IWR"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI, IWR","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023493127","display_name":"Lena Maier\u2010Hein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-9368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802164966","display_name":"University Hospital Heidelberg","ror":"https://ror.org/013czdx64","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802164966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17937529","display_name":"German Cancer Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I17937529"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lena Maier-Hein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Deutschland","Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Deutschland","Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Deutschland","German Cancer Research Center","Heidelberg University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529","https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Deutschland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909","https://openalex.org/I2802164966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Cancer Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heidelberg University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028754172"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1691,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42439644,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"330","last_page":"335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7275100350379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6436803936958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5606504082679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5043386220932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invertible-matrix","display_name":"Invertible matrix","score":0.4916008412837982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.4858514964580536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.47729456424713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-imaging-in-biomedicine","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","score":0.4349937438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.43135446310043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39061546325683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38612082600593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2078581154346466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1274537444114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10219711065292358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7275100350379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6436803936958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5606504082679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5043386220932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96442724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242188","display_name":"Invertible matrix","level":2,"score":0.4916008412837982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.4858514964580536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.47729456424713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54932901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187705","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","level":2,"score":0.4349937438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.43135446310043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39061546325683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38612082600593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2078581154346466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1274537444114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10219711065292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_80","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235615","display_name":"Informatik aktuell","issn_l":"1431-472X","issn":["1431-472X","2628-8958"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatik aktuell","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2578183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578183","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306522479","display_name":"Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2021","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2021","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2011.05110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05110","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.05110","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3106200569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2011.05110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2011.05110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2011.05110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2011.05110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05110","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.05110","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106200569.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3106200569.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030529101","https://openalex.org/W2033737527","https://openalex.org/W2162662999","https://openalex.org/W2166163757","https://openalex.org/W2336762574","https://openalex.org/W2887540873","https://openalex.org/W2904160377","https://openalex.org/W2920828134","https://openalex.org/W2954340342","https://openalex.org/W2963139417","https://openalex.org/W3048571528","https://openalex.org/W3094682697","https://openalex.org/W3115408395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135546025","https://openalex.org/W1975318702","https://openalex.org/W3025806813","https://openalex.org/W3007649860","https://openalex.org/W3194652408","https://openalex.org/W2751563926","https://openalex.org/W2979937367","https://openalex.org/W3101770166","https://openalex.org/W1996136743","https://openalex.org/W3098514485","https://openalex.org/W2625706287","https://openalex.org/W3199314012","https://openalex.org/W1512192585","https://openalex.org/W3035735800","https://openalex.org/W3040406539","https://openalex.org/W2980245312","https://openalex.org/W2790311203","https://openalex.org/W2794155925","https://openalex.org/W3080539213"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multispectral":[0],"photoacoustic":[1,127,134],"imaging":[2,7],"(PAI)":[3],"is":[4],"an":[5,150],"emerging":[6],"modality":[8],"that":[9,31,110],"enables":[10],"the":[11,22,78,85,98,102,142,145],"recovery":[12],"of":[13,53,88,133,144,157],"functional":[14],"tissue":[15,34,69],"parameters":[16,159],"such":[17],"as":[18],"blood":[19],"oxygenation.":[20],"However,":[21],"underlying":[23],"inverse":[24],"reconstruction":[25,156],"problems":[26],"are":[27],"potentially":[28],"ill-posed,":[29],"meaning":[30],"radically":[32],"different":[33],"properties":[35],"may-in":[36],"theory-yield":[37],"comparable":[38],"measurements.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41,50,112],"work,":[42],"we":[43,105],"present":[44],"a":[45,89],"new":[46],"approach":[47],"for":[48,68,124,154],"handling":[49],"specific":[51],"type":[52],"uncertainty":[54],"using":[55],"conditional":[56],"invertible":[57],"neural":[58],"networks.":[59],"We":[60],"propose":[61],"going":[62],"beyond":[63],"commonly":[64],"used":[65],"point":[66],"estimates":[67],"oxygenation":[70],"and":[71,118,130],"convert":[72],"single-pixel":[73],"initial":[74],"pressure":[75],"spectra":[76],"to":[77,114,122,148],"full":[79],"posterior":[80],"probability":[81],"density.":[82],"This":[83],"way,":[84],"inherent":[86],"ambiguity":[87],"problem":[90],"can":[91],"be":[92],"encoded":[93],"with":[94,160],"multiple":[95],"modes":[96],"in":[97,138],"output.":[99],"Based":[100],"on":[101],"presented":[103],"architecture,":[104],"demonstrate":[106,141],"two":[107],"use":[108],"cases":[109],"leverage":[111],"information":[113],"not":[115],"only":[116],"detect":[117],"quantify":[119],"but":[120],"also":[121],"compensate":[123],"uncertainties:":[125],"(1)":[126],"device":[128],"design":[129],"(2)":[131],"optimization":[132],"image":[135],"acquisition.":[136],"Our":[137],"silico":[139],"studies":[140],"potential":[143],"proposed":[146],"methodology":[147],"become":[149],"important":[151],"building":[152],"block":[153],"uncertainty-aware":[155],"physiological":[158],"PAI.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2022-07-25T00:00:00"}