{"id":"https://openalex.org/W133958093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93503-9_138","title":"The Read Codes and National and International Medical Data Interchange","display_name":"The Read Codes and National and International Medical Data Interchange","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W133958093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93503-9_138","mag":"133958093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-93503-9_138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93503-9_138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170122","display_name":"Lecture notes in medical informatics","issn_l":"0172-7788","issn":["0172-7788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Medical Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050105889","display_name":"James Read","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James D Read","raw_affiliation_strings":["FRCGP, Director,\n        NHS Centre for Coding and Classification, Woodgate, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 2TG, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FRCGP, Director,\n        NHS Centre for Coding and Classification, Woodgate, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 2TG, UK","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050105889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10600707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"770","last_page":"774"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11629","display_name":"Birth, Development, and Health","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11629","display_name":"Birth, Development, and Health","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6496094465255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5915207266807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4538780450820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12568622827529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.06496608257293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.05536383390426636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6496094465255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5915207266807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4538780450820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12568622827529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.06496608257293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.05536383390426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-93503-9_138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93503-9_138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170122","display_name":"Lecture notes in medical informatics","issn_l":"0172-7788","issn":["0172-7788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Medical Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005199377","https://openalex.org/W2033945449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4253593777"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}