{"id":"https://openalex.org/W169412978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10","title":"Timely Delivery of Messages in Positive Train Control","display_name":"Timely Delivery of Messages in Positive Train Control","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W169412978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10","mag":"169412978"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185096","display_name":"IFIP advances in information and communication technology","issn_l":"1868-422X","issn":["1868-422X","1868-4238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01456882","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050481496","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 B. Bondi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0709-2078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137693","display_name":"Siemens (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axb7e79","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Bondi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens Corporate Technology, Princeton, New Jersey, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens Corporate Technology, Princeton, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044619661","display_name":"Damindra Bandara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damindra Bandara","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101985282","display_name":"Michael E. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4177-788X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137693","display_name":"Siemens (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axb7e79","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rail Automation Unit, Siemens, New York, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rail Automation Unit, Siemens, New York, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050725972","display_name":"Rajni Goel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2516-0399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137853757","display_name":"Howard University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajni Goel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071866219","display_name":"Duminda Wijesekera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7122-3055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duminda Wijesekera","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08038508,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"139","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13615","display_name":"Transportation Systems and Safety","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12371","display_name":"Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis","score":0.9470000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/braking-distance","display_name":"Braking distance","score":0.6152598857879639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5779758095741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.48721760511398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.4824812710285187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.470287561416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4363623857498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3814891278743744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3272799551486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brake","display_name":"Brake","score":0.1739148199558258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119647976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908492","display_name":"Braking distance","level":3,"score":0.6152598857879639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5779758095741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.48721760511398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.4824812710285187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.470287561416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4363623857498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3814891278743744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3272799551486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780999251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17022503","display_name":"Brake","level":2,"score":0.1739148199558258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185096","display_name":"IFIP advances in information and communication technology","issn_l":"1868-422X","issn":["1868-422X","1868-4238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01456882v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01456882","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"7th International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection (ICCIP), Mar 2013, Washington, DC, United States. pp.139-152, ⟨10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01456882v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01456882","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"7th International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection (ICCIP), Mar 2013, Washington, DC, United States. pp.139-152, ⟨10.1007/978-3-642-45330-4_10⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W612369253","https://openalex.org/W2091498671"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131767998","https://openalex.org/W3178149803","https://openalex.org/W2751424651","https://openalex.org/W2382087633","https://openalex.org/W2472798105","https://openalex.org/W2519974009","https://openalex.org/W2248543912","https://openalex.org/W4379387061","https://openalex.org/W2390665423","https://openalex.org/W2389807673"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,65],"the":[1,32,39,48,55,67,70,85,92,133,147,150,176],"railway":[2],"infrastructure,":[3],"positive":[4],"train":[5,16,156,167,173],"control":[6,52,74,86,168],"(PTC)":[7],"is":[8,44,100,157],"an":[9],"automated":[10],"method":[11],"for":[12,62,69,132,163],"controlling":[13],"and":[14,27,79,95],"monitoring":[15],"movements":[17],"to":[18,36,46,54,120,128,170],"ensure":[19,171],"safe":[20,24],"travel":[21],"by":[22,91,102],"enforcing":[23],"braking":[25,96,99,103,122,174],"distances":[26],"speed":[28,94,107],"limits,":[29],"even":[30],"if":[31],"locomotive":[33,93],"driver":[34,179],"fails":[35],"act":[37],"within":[38],"specified":[40],"guidelines.":[41],"Obviously,":[42],"it":[43],"vital":[45],"assure":[47],"timely":[49,71,172],"delivery":[50,72,82,138,141],"of":[51,73,84,111,126,152,166,178],"messages":[53,75,87,169],"on-board":[56],"computer":[57],"system":[58],"that":[59,105,149],"implements":[60],"PTC":[61],"a":[63,109,155],"locomotive.":[64],"particular,":[66],"parameters":[68],"must":[76],"be":[77],"evaluated":[78],"specified.":[80],"The":[81],"times":[83],"are":[88,144,161],"directly":[89],"impacted":[90],"characteristics.":[97],"Train":[98],"characterized":[101],"curves":[104,123],"express":[106],"as":[108],"function":[110],"distance":[112],"or":[113],"position.":[114],"This":[115],"paper":[116],"utilizes":[117],"numerical":[118],"techniques":[119],"convert":[121],"into":[124],"functions":[125],"time":[127,142],"specify":[129],"safety-driven":[130],"requirements":[131,143],"upper":[134],"bounds":[135],"on":[136],"message":[137],"delays.":[139],"Message":[140],"combined":[145],"with":[146],"requirement":[148],"probability":[151],"erroneously":[153],"stopping":[154],"very":[158],"small.":[159],"Rules":[160],"derived":[162],"scheduling":[164],"re-transmissions":[165],"in":[175],"event":[177],"error.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}