{"id":"https://openalex.org/W171557998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34106-9_14","title":"On the Hardness of Domain Adaptation and the Utility of Unlabeled Target Samples","display_name":"On the Hardness of Domain Adaptation and the Utility of Unlabeled Target Samples","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W171557998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34106-9_14","mag":"171557998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34106-9_14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34106-9_14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112193907","display_name":"Shai Ben-David","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shai Ben-David","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076246250","display_name":"Ruth Urner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1179-7134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruth Urner","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0819,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95886873,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"139","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7650947570800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realizability","display_name":"Realizability","score":0.6921283006668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-adaptation","display_name":"Domain adaptation","score":0.6570245623588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5770957469940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5638874173164368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5534239411354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5521057844161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5086551308631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labeled-data","display_name":"Labeled data","score":0.5038458704948425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5019040107727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.49489039182662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.49088531732559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.46376869082450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4623172879219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-class","display_name":"Concept class","score":0.4407017230987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data","display_name":"Test data","score":0.4289293885231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3864249289035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37791749835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3652910590171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17973923683166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.17391455173492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.09075215458869934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7650947570800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454417","display_name":"Realizability","level":2,"score":0.6921283006668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.6570245623588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5770957469940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5638874173164368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5534239411354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5521057844161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5086551308631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.5038458704948425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5019040107727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.49489039182662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.49088531732559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.46376869082450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4623172879219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203313322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158394","display_name":"Concept class","level":2,"score":0.4407017230987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.4289293885231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3864249289035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37791749835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3652910590171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17973923683166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17391455173492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.09075215458869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34106-9_14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34106-9_14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W158260078","https://openalex.org/W189742998","https://openalex.org/W1617650991","https://openalex.org/W1853837125","https://openalex.org/W1988355994","https://openalex.org/W2055721472","https://openalex.org/W2059979378","https://openalex.org/W2104094955","https://openalex.org/W2111355007","https://openalex.org/W2112483442","https://openalex.org/W2120587290","https://openalex.org/W2130275649","https://openalex.org/W2140177290","https://openalex.org/W2156557681","https://openalex.org/W2811380766","https://openalex.org/W2950228521","https://openalex.org/W4249341414","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3035557009","https://openalex.org/W2955172689","https://openalex.org/W2341113105","https://openalex.org/W3204418343","https://openalex.org/W3132602785","https://openalex.org/W3046182208","https://openalex.org/W2186589590","https://openalex.org/W4297818280","https://openalex.org/W2343346879","https://openalex.org/W2397710600"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}