{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1172683740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28569-1_5","title":"Entity Linking: Finding Extracted Entities in a Knowledge Base","display_name":"Entity Linking: Finding Extracted Entities in a Knowledge Base","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1172683740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28569-1_5","mag":"1172683740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28569-1_5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28569-1_5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206418","display_name":"Theory and applications of natural language processing","issn_l":"2192-032X","issn":["2192-032X","2192-0338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory and Applications of Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113813635","display_name":"Delip Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Delip Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046292035","display_name":"Paul McNamee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-8718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul McNamee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Language Technology Center of Excellence, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Language Technology Center of Excellence, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024437840","display_name":"Mark Dredze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-2474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Dredze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA","Human Language Technology Center of Excellence, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Language Technology Center of Excellence, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113813635"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":48.4723,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":181,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9984544,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"93","last_page":"115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entity-linking","display_name":"Entity linking","score":0.7229199409484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6974756717681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5551865100860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.5503085851669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5404471158981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.43326056003570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.4250127077102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.42002588510513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3367224335670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.336452841758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33548054099082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11054465174674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.07907533645629883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96711827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17012245","display_name":"Entity linking","level":3,"score":0.7229199409484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6974756717681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5551865100860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.5503085851669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5404471158981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.43326056003570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.4250127077102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.42002588510513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3367224335670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.336452841758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33548054099082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11054465174674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.07907533645629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28569-1_5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28569-1_5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206418","display_name":"Theory and applications of natural language processing","issn_l":"2192-032X","issn":["2192-032X","2192-0338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theory and Applications of Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.297.6050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.297.6050","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.jhu.edu/~delip/entity_linking.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86887328","https://openalex.org/W95925839","https://openalex.org/W155898123","https://openalex.org/W158988288","https://openalex.org/W171046395","https://openalex.org/W191584165","https://openalex.org/W209114341","https://openalex.org/W1484731179","https://openalex.org/W1495981708","https://openalex.org/W1548663377","https://openalex.org/W1585529040","https://openalex.org/W1766290689","https://openalex.org/W1823018422","https://openalex.org/W1881631818","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W1980366261","https://openalex.org/W1990580333","https://openalex.org/W1995249715","https://openalex.org/W2020278455","https://openalex.org/W2036216970","https://openalex.org/W2039001182","https://openalex.org/W2047221353","https://openalex.org/W2077941393","https://openalex.org/W2094728533","https://openalex.org/W2099982145","https://openalex.org/W2103982646","https://openalex.org/W2108991785","https://openalex.org/W2113227740","https://openalex.org/W2119465010","https://openalex.org/W2121293964","https://openalex.org/W2124214517","https://openalex.org/W2126539437","https://openalex.org/W2130848543","https://openalex.org/W2138984255","https://openalex.org/W2141099517","https://openalex.org/W2144578941","https://openalex.org/W2153702741","https://openalex.org/W2153911474","https://openalex.org/W2161462756","https://openalex.org/W2161771536","https://openalex.org/W2162638401","https://openalex.org/W2167774378","https://openalex.org/W2184570030","https://openalex.org/W2188437695","https://openalex.org/W2405752012","https://openalex.org/W2785349534","https://openalex.org/W2913201579","https://openalex.org/W3146259567","https://openalex.org/W4241676240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541691357","https://openalex.org/W2090135255","https://openalex.org/W2168409722","https://openalex.org/W2782437235","https://openalex.org/W4387163706","https://openalex.org/W2548972888","https://openalex.org/W2026505290","https://openalex.org/W1993715838","https://openalex.org/W2359088421","https://openalex.org/W2328532631"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-29T09:21:14.243279","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}