{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1608878396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_3","title":"The Refraction of Space: A Radical Reversal of Direction","display_name":"The Refraction of Space: A Radical Reversal of Direction","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1608878396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_3","mag":"1608878396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045597201","display_name":"Roger M. Downs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roger Downs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, USA","Penn State University, University Park, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045597201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.8705000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.8705000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.7616999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5625212788581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5439696907997131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.520386815071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5035108923912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discipline","display_name":"Discipline","score":0.497712641954422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.48887914419174194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icon","display_name":"Icon","score":0.48778635263442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-cognition","display_name":"Spatial cognition","score":0.41794970631599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-psychology","display_name":"Environmental psychology","score":0.416488379240036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-history","display_name":"Art history","score":0.3869190812110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.35225987434387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.31831687688827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.31052881479263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.30103203654289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2842654585838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.25179123878479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22190791368484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.17123636603355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.14070183038711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.11815974116325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10627728700637817}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5625212788581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5439696907997131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.520386815071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5035108923912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8795937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11862829","display_name":"Discipline","level":2,"score":0.497712641954422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.48887914419174194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474","display_name":"Icon","level":2,"score":0.48778635263442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777371692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178611","display_name":"Spatial cognition","level":3,"score":0.41794970631599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18574340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618752","display_name":"Environmental psychology","level":2,"score":0.416488379240036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3869190812110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.35225987434387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.31831687688827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.31052881479263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.30103203654289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2842654585838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.25179123878479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22190791368484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.17123636603355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.14070183038711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.11815974116325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10627728700637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W2753626182","https://openalex.org/W1959662420","https://openalex.org/W4220822672"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}