{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1552738042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13529-3_36","title":"Unit Operations in Approximation Spaces","display_name":"Unit Operations in Approximation Spaces","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1552738042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13529-3_36","mag":"1552738042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13529-3_36","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13529-3_36","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046905618","display_name":"Zbigniew Bonikowski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137370","display_name":"Institute of Mathematics","ror":"https://ror.org/04hrrh248","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137370","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170583851","display_name":"University of Opole","ror":"https://ror.org/04gbpnx96","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170583851"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zbigniew Bonikowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Opole University, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Opole University, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170583851","https://openalex.org/I4210137370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046905618"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170583851","https://openalex.org/I4210137370"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3662,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60240437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"337","last_page":"346"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14351","display_name":"Statistical and Computational Modeling","score":0.9049000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-relation","display_name":"Binary relation","score":0.7900570631027222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","score":0.7581070065498352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isomorphism","display_name":"Isomorphism (crystallography)","score":0.7044467329978943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.6358111500740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-number","display_name":"Algebraic number","score":0.6047171950340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-operation","display_name":"Algebraic operation","score":0.5933225750923157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-relation","display_name":"Transitive relation","score":0.5484085083007812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5138652324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5111404061317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation-algebra","display_name":"Relation algebra","score":0.4877036511898041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.468517541885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4681333005428314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rough-set","display_name":"Rough set","score":0.46723705530166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.44848594069480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.42045271396636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-operation","display_name":"Binary operation","score":0.4195687770843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3898046612739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.2908138632774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.22667846083641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.16875043511390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09039324522018433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.078553706407547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65180967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130901","display_name":"Binary relation","level":2,"score":0.7900570631027222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.7581070065498352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203436722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902950","display_name":"Isomorphism (crystallography)","level":3,"score":0.7044467329978943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.6358111500740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9376300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817","display_name":"Algebraic number","level":2,"score":0.6047171950340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136003732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3854337","display_name":"Algebraic operation","level":3,"score":0.5933225750923157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191399111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64861","display_name":"Transitive relation","level":2,"score":0.5484085083007812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5138652324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5111404061317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10282146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5965969","display_name":"Relation algebra","level":5,"score":0.4877036511898041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.468517541885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4681333005428314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111012933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3137210","display_name":"Rough set","level":2,"score":0.46723705530166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44848594069480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.42045271396636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185529760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164307","display_name":"Binary operation","level":2,"score":0.4195687770843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3898046612739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2908138632774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.22667846083641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.16875043511390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09039324522018433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.078553706407547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14394260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4723980","display_name":"Algebra representation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100899422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5058347","display_name":"Cellular algebra","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115624301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895901","display_name":"Crystal structure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13529-3_36","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13529-3_36","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35443423","https://openalex.org/W1557923305","https://openalex.org/W1565697979","https://openalex.org/W1565748078","https://openalex.org/W1566926336","https://openalex.org/W1918761573","https://openalex.org/W1983426508","https://openalex.org/W1992205482","https://openalex.org/W1992332328","https://openalex.org/W2013506227","https://openalex.org/W2023441160","https://openalex.org/W2031978194","https://openalex.org/W2041596646","https://openalex.org/W2061086697","https://openalex.org/W2087740657","https://openalex.org/W2103514965","https://openalex.org/W2116509046","https://openalex.org/W2156549203","https://openalex.org/W2165267798","https://openalex.org/W2222888818","https://openalex.org/W2298168480","https://openalex.org/W2315064349","https://openalex.org/W2506703326","https://openalex.org/W4232953319","https://openalex.org/W4255833381","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247436880","https://openalex.org/W2064989302","https://openalex.org/W2171795611","https://openalex.org/W4230589130","https://openalex.org/W2224153448","https://openalex.org/W4237079078","https://openalex.org/W1551292822","https://openalex.org/W63408870","https://openalex.org/W591875192","https://openalex.org/W2742509483"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
