{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1750801594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02326-2_1","title":"The Bias Variance Trade-Off in Bootstrapped Error Correcting Output Code Ensembles","display_name":"The Bias Variance Trade-Off in Bootstrapped Error Correcting Output Code Ensembles","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1750801594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02326-2_1","mag":"1750801594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02326-2_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02326-2_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103534321","display_name":"Raymond S. Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raymond S. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University Of Surrey, Guildford, UK GU2 7XH#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University Of Surrey, Guildford, UK GU2 7XH#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073755738","display_name":"Terry Windeatt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-9701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terry Windeatt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University Of Surrey, Guildford, UK GU2 7XH#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University Of Surrey, Guildford, UK GU2 7XH#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103534321"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79913446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bootstrapping","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","score":0.8615804314613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.8237515091896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7631537914276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.666069507598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.513592004776001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.512143611907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42162996530532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization-error","display_name":"Generalization error","score":0.4205645024776459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4106637239456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.37151777744293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3644929826259613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.34544721245765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14484620094299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.06469413638114929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207609745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4944086","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","level":2,"score":0.8615804314613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.8237515091896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7631537914276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.666069507598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.513592004776001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.512143611907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42162996530532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117765406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5362437","display_name":"Generalization error","level":3,"score":0.4205645024776459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4106637239456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.37151777744293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3644929826259613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.34544721245765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14484620094299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.06469413638114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02326-2_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02326-2_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11139300450002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.377.1827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.377.1827","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://xm2vtsdb.ee.surrey.ac.uk/CVSSP/Publications/papers/Smith-MCS-2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:7133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/7133/2/smith.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133122663","https://openalex.org/W1500698297","https://openalex.org/W1516193414","https://openalex.org/W1540358749","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1608401492","https://openalex.org/W1676820704","https://openalex.org/W2067885219","https://openalex.org/W2076118331","https://openalex.org/W2084812512","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2150025428","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2167055186","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W3193477162","https://openalex.org/W4388297464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362597605","https://openalex.org/W1574414179","https://openalex.org/W4297676672","https://openalex.org/W3009056573","https://openalex.org/W2922073769","https://openalex.org/W2913541211","https://openalex.org/W2020510022","https://openalex.org/W4205140086","https://openalex.org/W2243388978","https://openalex.org/W4254674344"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}