{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1606490983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_119","title":"Hierarchical Classifiers for Detection of Fractures in X-Ray Images","display_name":"Hierarchical Classifiers for Detection of Fractures in X-Ray Images","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1606490983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_119","mag":"1606490983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_119","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011433572","display_name":"Joshua Congfu He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Congfu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore","Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110150995","display_name":"Wee Kheng Leow","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wee Kheng Leow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore","Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048647924","display_name":"Tet Sen Howe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251586001","display_name":"Singapore General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/036j6sg82","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251586001"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tet Sen Howe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Orthopaedics, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore","Department of Orthopaedics, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Orthopaedics, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251586001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedics, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251586001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011433572"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15481172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"962","last_page":"969"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flagging","display_name":"Flagging","score":0.8214374780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.783660888671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7816833257675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6195151209831238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.568659782409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46815159916877747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.465738445520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.42484864592552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42284882068634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08778584003448486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777548347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5456937","display_name":"Flagging","level":2,"score":0.8214374780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.783660888671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7816833257675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6195151209831238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.568659782409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46815159916877747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.465738445520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.42484864592552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42284882068634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08778584003448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_119","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/40465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/40465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.66.4966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.66.4966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.iscs.nus.edu.sg/~leowwk/papers/caip2007-fracture.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15349566","https://openalex.org/W1527648360","https://openalex.org/W1604938182","https://openalex.org/W1738594068","https://openalex.org/W2047168235","https://openalex.org/W2153104898","https://openalex.org/W2157239837","https://openalex.org/W2166060836","https://openalex.org/W2172000360","https://openalex.org/W2492794003"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2946613364","https://openalex.org/W2807886874","https://openalex.org/W1697346018","https://openalex.org/W2113326855","https://openalex.org/W611259847","https://openalex.org/W2354785495","https://openalex.org/W642986199","https://openalex.org/W2320858910","https://openalex.org/W174528541","https://openalex.org/W49929510"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
