{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1594301217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_6","title":"Effect of Image Quality on Film Reading","display_name":"Effect of Image Quality on Film Reading","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1594301217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_6","mag":"1594301217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113042086","display_name":"Susan Astley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2989-2765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Astley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK M13 9PT#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK M13 9PT#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010074870","display_name":"N Prasad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Manchester Medical School, \u00a0","University of Manchester Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manchester Medical School, \u00a0","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manchester Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024943140","display_name":"Eve Allcock","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eve Allcock","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Manchester Medical School, \u00a0","University of Manchester Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manchester Medical School, \u00a0","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manchester Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048112496","display_name":"Jenny Diffey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131968","display_name":"The Christie Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03nd63441","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131968","https://openalex.org/I4210133995"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenny Diffey","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Western Medical Physics, Christie Hospital, Manchester, \u00a0","North Western Medical Physics, Christie Hospital, Manchester,#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Western Medical Physics, Christie Hospital, Manchester, \u00a0","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131968"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Western Medical Physics, Christie Hospital, Manchester,#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131968"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105529701","display_name":"Yit Yoong Lim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158225","display_name":"Nightingale Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05r0sm904","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87253917","display_name":"Manchester University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aswte26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87253917"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yit Yoong Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust, \u00a0","Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust, \u00a0","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158225","https://openalex.org/I87253917"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158225","https://openalex.org/I87253917"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109042420","display_name":"Caroline Boggis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158225","display_name":"Nightingale Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05r0sm904","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87253917","display_name":"Manchester University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aswte26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87253917"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Boggis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust, \u00a0","Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust, \u00a0","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158225","https://openalex.org/I87253917"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nightingale Breast Centre, South Manchester University Hospitals Trust,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158225","https://openalex.org/I87253917"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3792,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87593836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"40","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.9700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.9674999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.8072561025619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7634572982788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.6504271030426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.6013400554656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.542152464389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.47810524702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4492015242576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4358028173446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4009529948234558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3378569483757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.0680982768535614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.8072561025619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7634572982788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.6504271030426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.6013400554656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.542152464389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.47810524702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4492015242576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4358028173446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4009529948234558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3378569483757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0680982768535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70538-3_6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967499133","https://openalex.org/W1996974620","https://openalex.org/W2078574517","https://openalex.org/W2159081982","https://openalex.org/W2168805745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069592018","https://openalex.org/W2075740387","https://openalex.org/W2358990940","https://openalex.org/W2082438799","https://openalex.org/W1966986837","https://openalex.org/W2093931120","https://openalex.org/W2360138227","https://openalex.org/W4365808155","https://openalex.org/W2329812990","https://openalex.org/W1838455177"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}