{"id":"https://openalex.org/W72709021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69384-0_106","title":"Generalized Laplacian as Focus Measure","display_name":"Generalized Laplacian as Focus Measure","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W72709021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69384-0_106","mag":"72709021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69384-0_106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69384-0_106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034727563","display_name":"Muhammad Ali Riaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-5264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Riaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037267769","display_name":"Seung-Jin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3733-6247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092150","display_name":"Chonnam National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00f200z37","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659","https://openalex.org/I4210092150"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungjin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, South Korea","Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, South Korea#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University Hospital, Kwangju, South Korea#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062598223","display_name":"Muhammad Bilal Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5259-0311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Bilal Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102824858","display_name":"Waqas Rasheed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8268-6960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waqas Rasheed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023523144","display_name":"Jong-An Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2768-6378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jongan Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, 501-759, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information & Communications Engineering, Chosun University, South Korea 501-759#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023523144"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0242,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84335003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1013","last_page":"1021"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11897","display_name":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","score":0.9381999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplace-operator","display_name":"Laplace operator","score":0.8243139386177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.8175463080406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.8153485059738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.7066745758056641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5801520347595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5275038480758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4577977955341339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39303258061408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3402678668498993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33570975065231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.29560214281082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.18320026993751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17275258898735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.1154341995716095}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165700671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203484","display_name":"Laplace operator","level":2,"score":0.8243139386177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.8175463080406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.8153485059738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.7066745758056641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5801520347595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5275038480758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4577977955341339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39303258061408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3402678668498993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33570975065231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.29560214281082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.18320026993751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17275258898735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.1154341995716095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69384-0_106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69384-0_106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574971735","https://openalex.org/W2097350255","https://openalex.org/W2111727905","https://openalex.org/W2117806618","https://openalex.org/W2130755868","https://openalex.org/W2132788025","https://openalex.org/W2165518179","https://openalex.org/W2166774562","https://openalex.org/W2168544812","https://openalex.org/W4249911582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4255837520","https://openalex.org/W2387011115","https://openalex.org/W2012531322","https://openalex.org/W4234808182","https://openalex.org/W4255628145","https://openalex.org/W2382043075","https://openalex.org/W2809151339","https://openalex.org/W2216913934","https://openalex.org/W2359849704","https://openalex.org/W2354023265"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}