{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1574195826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_9","title":"The Element of Surprise in Timed Games","display_name":"The Element of Surprise in Timed Games","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1574195826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_9","mag":"1574195826"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050777140","display_name":"Luca de Alfaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3856-4576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca de Alfaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, UC, Santa Cruz, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, UC, Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023890924","display_name":"Marco Faella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7617-5489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Faella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, UC, Santa Cruz, USA","Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, Universit\u00e0 di Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, UC, Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica ed Applicazioni, Universit\u00e0 di Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080555605","display_name":"Thomas A. Henzinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2985-7724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas A. Henzinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC, Berkeley, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081010207","display_name":"Rupak Majumdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-0542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rupak Majumdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC, Berkeley, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053065289","display_name":"Mari\u00eblle Stoelinga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6793-8165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mari\u00eblle Stoelinga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, UC, Santa Cruz, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, UC, Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":139,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"144","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surprise","display_name":"Surprise","score":0.9025706648826599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8358087539672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turns-rounds-and-time-keeping-systems-in-games","display_name":"Turns, rounds and time-keeping systems in games","score":0.6928210258483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability","display_name":"Reachability","score":0.6002210974693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorial-game-theory","display_name":"Combinatorial game theory","score":0.5656999349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.5120230317115784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","score":0.5024490356445312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.49228325486183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-game","display_name":"Sequential game","score":0.3807229995727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-design","display_name":"Video game design","score":0.3485856056213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-mechanics","display_name":"Game mechanics","score":0.33067041635513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3292992413043976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.2685694098472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.2383882701396942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23198410868644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11406239867210388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780343955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333173","display_name":"Surprise","level":2,"score":0.9025706648826599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8358087539672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56694532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4421045","display_name":"Turns, rounds and time-keeping systems in games","level":4,"score":0.6928210258483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.6002210974693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102234262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320931","display_name":"Combinatorial game theory","level":4,"score":0.5656999349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5120230317115784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.5024490356445312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.49228325486183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73795354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287618","display_name":"Sequential game","level":3,"score":0.3807229995727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47187476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12336660","display_name":"Video game design","level":3,"score":0.3485856056213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170828538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751513","display_name":"Game mechanics","level":2,"score":0.33067041635513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3292992413043976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.2685694098472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.2383882701396942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23198410868644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11406239867210388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.14.1379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.14.1379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~rupak/Papers/TheElementOfSurpriseInTimedGames.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.2.2823","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.2.2823","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://wwwhome.cs.utwente.nl/~marielle/papers/surprise.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.3.7652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.3.7652","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-cad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~tah/Publications/the_element_of_surprise_in_timed_games.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.77.8493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.77.8493","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/~luca/papers/03/concur03timed.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3820865","https://openalex.org/W1485489137","https://openalex.org/W1495299640","https://openalex.org/W1506588809","https://openalex.org/W1553814243","https://openalex.org/W1560050980","https://openalex.org/W1577248548","https://openalex.org/W1606824214","https://openalex.org/W1868359205","https://openalex.org/W2016014698","https://openalex.org/W2016206563","https://openalex.org/W2048905609","https://openalex.org/W2057842062","https://openalex.org/W2059057465","https://openalex.org/W2093916942","https://openalex.org/W2101008381","https://openalex.org/W2101508170","https://openalex.org/W2123894953","https://openalex.org/W2144965436","https://openalex.org/W2170933628","https://openalex.org/W2503611065","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2914055623"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1891427008","https://openalex.org/W4200519239","https://openalex.org/W4381199393","https://openalex.org/W33545662","https://openalex.org/W4205287490","https://openalex.org/W1515504392","https://openalex.org/W58580010","https://openalex.org/W4205416126","https://openalex.org/W4379645863","https://openalex.org/W2971297581"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
