{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1487111474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44850-1","title":"Handwriting Recognition: Soft Computing and Probabilistic Approaches","display_name":"Handwriting Recognition: Soft Computing and Probabilistic Approaches","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1487111474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44850-1","mag":"1487111474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-010344059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0817/2003053002-d.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100415093","display_name":"Zhi-Qiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-2871"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Qiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-2871","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036994322","display_name":"Jinhai Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7298-1579"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhai Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7298-1579","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109257468","display_name":"Richard Buse","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Buse","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94643115,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9071000218391418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.813643217086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.6849620342254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6654415726661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6505210399627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6501096487045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.5515588521957397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.5160943865776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.4626608192920685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-field","display_name":"Random field","score":0.4591917097568512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4428953230381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.43756812810897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.41254380345344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2795931398868561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2460457980632782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.2163720726966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.15653806924819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.13969984650611877}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.813643217086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.6849620342254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6654415726661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6505210399627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6501096487045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.5515588521957397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.5160943865776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.4626608192920685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130402806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361768","display_name":"Random field","level":2,"score":0.4591917097568512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4428953230381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.43756812810897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.41254380345344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2795931398868561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2460457980632782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2163720726966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.15653806924819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.13969984650611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-010344059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0817/2003053002-d.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030538912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44850-1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"software, multimedia"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:215585","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/215585/1/LiuCaiBuse.jpg","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402607","display_name":"QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","host_organization_name":"Queensland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book/Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:3732","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/3732/1/LiuCaiBuse.jpg","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402607","display_name":"QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","host_organization_name":"Queensland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book/Report"},{"id":"mag:1487111474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA63723243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197683","display_name":"Medical Entomology and Zoology","issn_l":"0424-7086","issn":["0424-7086","2185-5609"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319750","host_organization_name":"Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2913525454","https://openalex.org/W2142069714","https://openalex.org/W2006500012","https://openalex.org/W2539957950","https://openalex.org/W2116702966","https://openalex.org/W2126932013","https://openalex.org/W2148167314","https://openalex.org/W2763313342","https://openalex.org/W2020376389","https://openalex.org/W2109658889","https://openalex.org/W1580690513","https://openalex.org/W2007257917","https://openalex.org/W2141190215","https://openalex.org/W2111376842","https://openalex.org/W2107304307","https://openalex.org/W1977597938","https://openalex.org/W2105167344","https://openalex.org/W2058813116","https://openalex.org/W2075602595","https://openalex.org/W2113292028"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
