{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165569531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4","title":"Layers: A New Approach to Locating Objects in Space","display_name":"Layers: A New Approach to Locating Objects in Space","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165569531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4","mag":"2165569531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076176607","display_name":"Maureen P. Donnelly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maureen Donnelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science, University of Leipzig,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science, University of Leipzig,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051216244","display_name":"Barry Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, NY","Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science, University of Leipzig,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, University at Buffalo, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science, University of Leipzig,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"46","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.798821747303009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.7090665102005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connection","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","score":0.6281574964523315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5844136476516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-relation","display_name":"Spatial relation","score":0.46132463216781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.44364702701568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32072097063064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.10967594385147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10624265670776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07109391689300537}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.798821747303009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.7090665102005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.6281574964523315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5844136476516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27511587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178623","display_name":"Spatial relation","level":2,"score":0.46132463216781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.44364702701568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32072097063064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10967594385147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10624265670776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07109391689300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.563.4653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.563.4653","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/courses03/md/MDBSGeoLayers.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.70.2623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.70.2623","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ontology.buffalo.edu/geo/Layers.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philarchive.org/rec/DONLAN","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philarchive.org/rec/DONLAN","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philpapers.org/rec/DONLAN","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/DONLAN","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402131","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19254931","https://openalex.org/W37655059","https://openalex.org/W87730636","https://openalex.org/W606831423","https://openalex.org/W1484140719","https://openalex.org/W1531373288","https://openalex.org/W1542039873","https://openalex.org/W1563428815","https://openalex.org/W1586700544","https://openalex.org/W1613507719","https://openalex.org/W1676677252","https://openalex.org/W1798762375","https://openalex.org/W1963829561","https://openalex.org/W1976811567","https://openalex.org/W2009758889","https://openalex.org/W2067145053","https://openalex.org/W2080293785","https://openalex.org/W2081966377","https://openalex.org/W2083954707","https://openalex.org/W2103000060","https://openalex.org/W2116509046","https://openalex.org/W2129461590","https://openalex.org/W2142359340","https://openalex.org/W2155325862","https://openalex.org/W2326031723","https://openalex.org/W2346933546","https://openalex.org/W2611436475","https://openalex.org/W3034754076","https://openalex.org/W3190439865","https://openalex.org/W4312260836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W587735977","https://openalex.org/W1978142926","https://openalex.org/W3157395178","https://openalex.org/W184455116","https://openalex.org/W963756281","https://openalex.org/W2028768252","https://openalex.org/W2371558776","https://openalex.org/W2045569473","https://openalex.org/W2364426643","https://openalex.org/W2399388599"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
