{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1559257270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24599-5_50","title":"The Language Model LMNtal","display_name":"The Language Model LMNtal","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1559257270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24599-5_50","mag":"1559257270"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-24599-5_50","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24599-5_50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089745488","display_name":"Kazunori Ueda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-1844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazunori Ueda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108566613","display_name":"Norio Kato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norio Kato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2764,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54522676,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"517","last_page":"518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9352999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9352999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9240000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7910751104354858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewriting","display_name":"Rewriting","score":0.648734986782074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5723843574523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5600505471229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5528483390808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.46938273310661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ode","display_name":"Ode","score":0.4468933045864105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-data-model","display_name":"Logical data model","score":0.44092857837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.20569071173667908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.1596110463142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13835230469703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.07053181529045105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7910751104354858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154690210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668499","display_name":"Rewriting","level":2,"score":0.648734986782074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5723843574523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5600505471229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5528483390808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.46938273310661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34862557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178985","display_name":"Ode","level":2,"score":0.4468933045864105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203702819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146953","display_name":"Logical data model","level":3,"score":0.44092857837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.20569071173667908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.1596110463142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13835230469703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.07053181529045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-540-24599-5_50","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24599-5_50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371448224","https://openalex.org/W3134495997","https://openalex.org/W2363680170","https://openalex.org/W2376428685","https://openalex.org/W4256082577","https://openalex.org/W625783435","https://openalex.org/W2048742619","https://openalex.org/W2384641672","https://openalex.org/W2120204135","https://openalex.org/W2742179975"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
