{"id":"https://openalex.org/W185872825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-95397-1_1","title":"Detecting Space\u2014Time Patterns in Geocoded Disease Data. Cholera in London, 1854 Measles in the United States, 1962\u201395","display_name":"Detecting Space\u2014Time Patterns in Geocoded Disease Data. Cholera in London, 1854 Measles in the United States, 1962\u201395","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W185872825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-95397-1_1","mag":"185872825"},"language":"de","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-322-95397-1_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-95397-1_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217585","display_name":"Informatik und Unternehmensf\u00fchrung","issn_l":"1615-6374","issn":["1615-6374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatik und Unternehmensf\u00fchrung","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041040265","display_name":"Andrew Cliff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-0959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. D. Cliff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, England","University of Cambridge, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015708188","display_name":"Peter Haggett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Haggett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 1SS, England"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 1SS, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074676066","display_name":"Matthew Smallman\u2010Raynor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0942-7209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. R. Smallman-Raynor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, England"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041040265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"13","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geocoding","display_name":"Geocoding","score":0.8492969274520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.6117410659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.5519084334373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles","display_name":"Measles","score":0.5166716575622559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.46561574935913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-geography","display_name":"Health geography","score":0.4425821602344513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.43101999163627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3730497360229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.3264828324317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1658884882926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16261062026023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.1397165060043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination","display_name":"Vaccination","score":0.13660603761672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.09407633543014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.09320876002311707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42629822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1346408","display_name":"Geocoding","level":2,"score":0.8492969274520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6117410659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.5519084334373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79793","display_name":"Measles","level":3,"score":0.5166716575622559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.46561574935913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201780435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286542","display_name":"Health geography","level":5,"score":0.4425821602344513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.43101999163627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3730497360229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3264828324317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1658884882926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16261062026023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.1397165060043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.13660603761672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.09407633543014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.09320876002311707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185618831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851928","display_name":"Health promotion","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193395930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3247219","display_name":"International health","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-322-95397-1_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-95397-1_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217585","display_name":"Informatik und Unternehmensf\u00fchrung","issn_l":"1615-6374","issn":["1615-6374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatik und Unternehmensf\u00fchrung","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83170674","https://openalex.org/W237088584","https://openalex.org/W1470419875","https://openalex.org/W1490441963","https://openalex.org/W1599344514","https://openalex.org/W1601278957","https://openalex.org/W1965568554","https://openalex.org/W1997809593","https://openalex.org/W1999998336","https://openalex.org/W2032101051","https://openalex.org/W2033301785","https://openalex.org/W2056930330","https://openalex.org/W2117805729","https://openalex.org/W2126455177","https://openalex.org/W2313953460","https://openalex.org/W2329726280","https://openalex.org/W2334991140","https://openalex.org/W2465490635","https://openalex.org/W2483790945","https://openalex.org/W2795682996","https://openalex.org/W2795704562","https://openalex.org/W2797841405","https://openalex.org/W2944107059","https://openalex.org/W2975800720","https://openalex.org/W2977970568","https://openalex.org/W4229544964","https://openalex.org/W4246354968","https://openalex.org/W4292483811","https://openalex.org/W4302406341","https://openalex.org/W4302613043","https://openalex.org/W4365787514","https://openalex.org/W6629515849","https://openalex.org/W6664635345","https://openalex.org/W6677096361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883097791","https://openalex.org/W2006984645","https://openalex.org/W2155134093","https://openalex.org/W2154991053","https://openalex.org/W2165836867","https://openalex.org/W4243252462","https://openalex.org/W3025384614","https://openalex.org/W2948603001","https://openalex.org/W2112715665","https://openalex.org/W2097837258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"illustrates":[2],"some":[3],"of":[4,14,26,58,68,77,99,105,133,153,169],"the":[5,15,43,55,63,97,100,129,140,166,175,181,189],"methods":[6,73,107],"used":[7,163],"by":[8,49,118,188],"geographers":[9],"to":[10,91,164],"specify":[11],"appropriate":[12],"models":[13],"space-time":[16],"patterns":[17],"found":[18],"in":[19,47,62,139],"geocoded":[20],"disease":[21,157],"data.":[22],"Such":[23],"data":[24,34,45],"are":[25,36,108,162],"two":[27],"basic":[28],"forms:":[29],"point":[30,39,90],"or":[31],"area-based.":[32],"Two":[33],"sets":[35],"analyzed.":[37],"For":[38,124],"patterns,":[40],"we":[41,127],"use":[42,128],"classic":[44],"collected":[46],"1854":[48],"Dr.":[50],"John":[51],"Snow":[52],"which":[53],"give":[54],"geographical":[56,78],"location":[57],"deaths":[59],"from":[60,112,180,186],"cholera":[61,101],"Golden":[64],"Square":[65],"(Soho)":[66],"district":[67],"London,":[69],"England.":[70],"Simple":[71],"mapping":[72],"based":[74],"upon":[75],"measures":[76],"centrality":[79],"(the":[80],"spatial":[81,149,154],"mean,":[82],"median":[83],"and":[84,86,121,145,159,173],"mode)":[85],"Thiessen":[87],"polygon":[88],"techniques":[89,152],"one":[92],"particular":[93],"water":[94],"pump":[95],"as":[96,116],"source":[98],"outbreak.":[102],"The":[103,151],"results":[104],"these":[106],"compared":[109],"with":[110],"those":[111],"nearest":[113],"neighbour":[114],"analysis":[115],"developed":[117],"Ripley":[119],"(1976)":[120],"Diggle":[122],"(1983).":[123],"area-based":[125],"data,":[126],"monthly":[130],"reported":[131],"number":[132],"measles":[134,170],"cases":[135],"per":[136],"million":[137],"population":[138],"United":[141,176],"States":[142,177],"between":[143],"1962":[144],"1995":[146],"at":[147],"different":[148],"scales.":[150],"autocorrelation":[155],"analysis,":[156],"centroids,":[158],"multidimensional":[160],"scaling":[161],"unravel":[165],"distinctive":[167],"geography":[168],"transmission":[171],"into":[172],"within":[174],"that":[178],"resulted":[179],"systematic":[182],"vaccination":[183],"programmes":[184],"articulated":[185],"1967":[187],"Centers":[190],"for":[191],"Disease":[192],"Control":[193],"(CDC).":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
