{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888114566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99722-3_14","title":"When, Where, Who, What or Why? A Hybrid Model to Question Answering Systems","display_name":"When, Where, Who, What or Why? A Hybrid Model to Question Answering Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888114566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99722-3_14","mag":"2888114566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99722-3_14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99722-3_14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051477267","display_name":"Eduardo G. Cortes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0272-1982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo G. Cortes","raw_affiliation_strings":["PPGC, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.064, Porto Alegre, RS, 91.501-970, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0272-1982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PPGC, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.064, Porto Alegre, RS, 91.501-970, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042379351","display_name":"Vinicius Woloszyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3554-5580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinicius Woloszyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["PPGC, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.064, Porto Alegre, RS, 91.501-970, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3554-5580","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PPGC, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.064, Porto Alegre, RS, 91.501-970, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102785045","display_name":"Dante Augusto Couto Barone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4783-6118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dante A. C. Barone","raw_affiliation_strings":["PPGC, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.064, Porto Alegre, RS, 91.501-970, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PPGC, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.064, Porto Alegre, RS, 91.501-970, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051477267"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5578,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6977761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"136","last_page":"146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8617633581161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.8252204656600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6672734618186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.628084659576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.6121016144752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6108527183532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tf\u2013idf","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","score":0.5810115337371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5527750253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.5210673213005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4443945288658142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4375638961791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.38782164454460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.36164432764053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.084084153175354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8617633581161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.8252204656600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6672734618186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.628084659576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.6121016144752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6108527183532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81758059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796584","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","level":3,"score":0.5810115337371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5527750253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.5210673213005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4443945288658142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4375638961791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.38782164454460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.36164432764053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.084084153175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99722-3_14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99722-3_14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45677179","https://openalex.org/W182831726","https://openalex.org/W1509566333","https://openalex.org/W1529960405","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W1870791027","https://openalex.org/W2019307700","https://openalex.org/W2086004682","https://openalex.org/W2142849131","https://openalex.org/W2144761325","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2154359981","https://openalex.org/W2251103205","https://openalex.org/W2478826497","https://openalex.org/W2490947900","https://openalex.org/W2597978041","https://openalex.org/W2599221923","https://openalex.org/W2744303556","https://openalex.org/W2767830346","https://openalex.org/W2787404131","https://openalex.org/W2790662531","https://openalex.org/W2790812272","https://openalex.org/W2800845013","https://openalex.org/W2803558566","https://openalex.org/W2915016798","https://openalex.org/W2963317148","https://openalex.org/W2964331270","https://openalex.org/W6807903634"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3157284875","https://openalex.org/W2259406085","https://openalex.org/W2099715052","https://openalex.org/W2911655849","https://openalex.org/W4286432911","https://openalex.org/W4226247999","https://openalex.org/W4213176082","https://openalex.org/W2187398150","https://openalex.org/W3209772662","https://openalex.org/W4200629926"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}