{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2796217566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","title":"CRETE: A Versatile Binary-Level Concolic Testing Framework","display_name":"CRETE: A Versatile Binary-Level Concolic Testing Framework","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2796217566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","mag":"2796217566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-89363-1_16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-89363-1_16.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002198674","display_name":"Bo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-2294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126345244","display_name":"Portland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058812687","display_name":"Christopher Havlicek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-0272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Havlicek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002419350","display_name":"Zhenkun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-2870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenkun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075308631","display_name":"Kai Cong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3983-1963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066196278","display_name":"Raghudeep Kannavara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-9430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raghudeep Kannavara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106551350","display_name":"Fei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7324-3287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126345244","display_name":"Portland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002198674"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"fwci":5.8493,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97641026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"281","last_page":"298"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concolic-testing","display_name":"Concolic testing","score":0.8776886463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8760665655136108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-execution","display_name":"Symbolic execution","score":0.8519564867019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6345574855804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extensibility","display_name":"Extensibility","score":0.6213335990905762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.589921236038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5213476419448853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-coverage","display_name":"Code coverage","score":0.4894229471683502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4295632839202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4286058843135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.4120127558708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.20186102390289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.089602530002594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.07560190558433533}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11219265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158734","display_name":"Concolic testing","level":4,"score":0.8776886463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8760665655136108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779639559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7661178","display_name":"Symbolic execution","level":3,"score":0.8519564867019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6345574855804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32833848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115054","display_name":"Extensibility","level":2,"score":0.6213335990905762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.589921236038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5213476419448853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53942775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211721","display_name":"Code coverage","level":3,"score":0.4894229471683502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4295632839202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4286058843135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.4120127558708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.20186102390289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.089602530002594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.07560190558433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-89363-1_16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89363-1_16","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-89363-1_16.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4441493962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1422067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G490593687","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Intel","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5116574308","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1422067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2796217566.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2796217566.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51507023","https://openalex.org/W1457363419","https://openalex.org/W1522250664","https://openalex.org/W1710734607","https://openalex.org/W1876811830","https://openalex.org/W1968023441","https://openalex.org/W1970005004","https://openalex.org/W1979693894","https://openalex.org/W1994759706","https://openalex.org/W1996543446","https://openalex.org/W2009489720","https://openalex.org/W2036894992","https://openalex.org/W2042033151","https://openalex.org/W2044892104","https://openalex.org/W2051990174","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2102976251","https://openalex.org/W2107147876","https://openalex.org/W2107839037","https://openalex.org/W2110671168","https://openalex.org/W2112448454","https://openalex.org/W2113864883","https://openalex.org/W2119251836","https://openalex.org/W2133692747","https://openalex.org/W2134633067","https://openalex.org/W2138788987","https://openalex.org/W2142645716","https://openalex.org/W2150990339","https://openalex.org/W2151585646","https://openalex.org/W2153185479","https://openalex.org/W2156858199","https://openalex.org/W2279657578","https://openalex.org/W2514974017","https://openalex.org/W2574017551","https://openalex.org/W2725074893","https://openalex.org/W2753332081","https://openalex.org/W2914630606","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4239813889","https://openalex.org/W4242148730","https://openalex.org/W4242156770","https://openalex.org/W4246166885","https://openalex.org/W4251201460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020667931","https://openalex.org/W2893175923","https://openalex.org/W2294472655","https://openalex.org/W2440985157","https://openalex.org/W51612467","https://openalex.org/W223068689","https://openalex.org/W3015365135","https://openalex.org/W2957461725","https://openalex.org/W2364496964","https://openalex.org/W2801797726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"crete,":[5],"a":[6],"versatile":[7],"binary-level":[8],"concolic":[9],"testing":[10],"framework,":[11],"which":[12],"features":[13],"an":[14],"open":[15],"and":[16,27,42,53,63,67,90,98,112,140],"highly":[17],"extensible":[18],"architecture":[19],"allowing":[20],"easy":[21],"integration":[22],"of":[23,106,121,138,146],"concrete":[24,41,77,92],"execution":[25,29,44,51,58,72,88,93],"frontends":[26,94],"symbolic":[28,43,71,87],"engine":[30,89],"backends.":[31],"crete\u2019s":[32],"extensibility":[33],"is":[34,45],"rooted":[35],"in":[36],"its":[37],"modular":[38],"design":[39],"where":[40],"loosely":[46],"coupled":[47],"only":[48],"through":[49],"standardized":[50,57],"traces":[52,59],"test":[54],"cases.":[55],"The":[56,119,144],"are":[60],"llvm-based,":[61],"self-contained,":[62],"composable,":[64],"providing":[65],"succinct":[66],"sufficient":[68],"information":[69],"for":[70,116],"engines":[73],"to":[74],"reproduce":[75],"the":[76,86,104,135],"executions.":[78],"We":[79,101],"have":[80,102],"implemented":[81],"crete":[82,107,126],"with":[83],"klee":[84,132],"as":[85,96,131],"multiple":[91],"such":[95],"qemu":[97],"8051":[99],"Emulator.":[100],"evaluated":[103],"effectiveness":[105],"on":[108],"GNU":[109],"Coreutils":[110,122,139],"programs":[111,115,123,149],"TianoCore":[113,147],"utility":[114,148],"UEFI":[117],"BIOS.":[118],"evaluation":[120,145],"shows":[124],"that":[125,154],"achieved":[127],"comparable":[128],"code":[129,137],"coverage":[130],"directly":[133],"analyzing":[134],"source":[136],"generally":[141],"outperformed":[142],"angr.":[143],"found":[150],"numerous":[151],"exploitable":[152],"bugs":[153],"were":[155],"previously":[156],"unreported.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
