{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794717484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78375-8_1","title":"Thunderella: Blockchains with Optimistic Instant Confirmation","display_name":"Thunderella: Blockchains with Optimistic Instant Confirmation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794717484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78375-8_1","mag":"2794717484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78375-8_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78375-8_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081609749","display_name":"Rafael Pass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-5690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Pass","raw_affiliation_strings":["CornellTech, New York, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CornellTech, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089202539","display_name":"Elaine Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5605-1048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elaine Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell, Ithaca, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell, Ithaca, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081609749"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":69.415,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":212,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99989058,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8797095417976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.6366194486618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.6166506409645081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.5631628036499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5579036474227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5407824516296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5234106183052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5183233022689819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.501220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.419310063123703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3697250187397003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3163502812385559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.17567750811576843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8797095417976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.6366194486618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.6166506409645081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5631628036499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5579036474227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5407824516296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5234106183052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5183233022689819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.501220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.419310063123703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3697250187397003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3163502812385559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.17567750811576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78375-8_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78375-8_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W851575271","https://openalex.org/W1565044123","https://openalex.org/W1819513546","https://openalex.org/W1965159636","https://openalex.org/W1972614536","https://openalex.org/W1992479210","https://openalex.org/W1993457622","https://openalex.org/W2003214215","https://openalex.org/W2015781492","https://openalex.org/W2034791526","https://openalex.org/W2044436778","https://openalex.org/W2058777482","https://openalex.org/W2065083916","https://openalex.org/W2088844348","https://openalex.org/W2090633038","https://openalex.org/W2109213558","https://openalex.org/W2118726720","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2131929623","https://openalex.org/W2139359217","https://openalex.org/W2166496794","https://openalex.org/W2183126124","https://openalex.org/W2293624543","https://openalex.org/W2399579591","https://openalex.org/W2472053299","https://openalex.org/W2571698069","https://openalex.org/W2573050643","https://openalex.org/W2613387059","https://openalex.org/W2738891482","https://openalex.org/W2739845435","https://openalex.org/W2757041386","https://openalex.org/W2770149261","https://openalex.org/W2774909858","https://openalex.org/W2794717484","https://openalex.org/W2886706106","https://openalex.org/W2963517786","https://openalex.org/W3037461512","https://openalex.org/W3100217861","https://openalex.org/W4214808373"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116677773","https://openalex.org/W2155261584","https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2584231425","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2150611273","https://openalex.org/W4207086172","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W2042919702","https://openalex.org/W4225981436"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}