{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2615345379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58703-5_4","title":"An Improved Framework for Layering Linguistic Processes in Sign Language Generation: Why There Should Never Be a \u201cBrows\u201d Tier","display_name":"An Improved Framework for Layering Linguistic Processes in Sign Language Generation: Why There Should Never Be a \u201cBrows\u201d Tier","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2615345379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58703-5_4","mag":"2615345379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58703-5_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58703-5_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072048461","display_name":"John C. McDonald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7976-8343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John McDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076178972","display_name":"Rosalee Wolfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2427-9582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosalee Wolfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112508837","display_name":"Sarah Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049069705","display_name":"Souad Baowidan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-6818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Souad Baowidan","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080242509","display_name":"Robyn Moncrief","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4777-8437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robyn Moncrief","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037946581","display_name":"Ningshan Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ningshan Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072048461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8176305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"41","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8549869060516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layering","display_name":"Layering","score":0.8038896918296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.5601725578308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5510945916175842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4832649827003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-sign-language","display_name":"American Sign Language","score":0.4636114537715912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"Sign language","score":0.4470137655735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.40582260489463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3883223831653595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.07460492849349976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8549869060516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176055353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1402114","display_name":"Layering","level":2,"score":0.8038896918296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5601725578308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5510945916175842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4832649827003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776737515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14759","display_name":"American Sign Language","level":3,"score":0.4636114537715912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.4470137655735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.40582260489463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3883223831653595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07460492849349976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58703-5_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58703-5_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157023553","https://openalex.org/W782320757","https://openalex.org/W1497212834","https://openalex.org/W1568066624","https://openalex.org/W1568781814","https://openalex.org/W1795280187","https://openalex.org/W1965498301","https://openalex.org/W2000478109","https://openalex.org/W2019953692","https://openalex.org/W2077367280","https://openalex.org/W2080378008","https://openalex.org/W2281907884","https://openalex.org/W2312373679","https://openalex.org/W2415794992","https://openalex.org/W2544156252","https://openalex.org/W2611838083","https://openalex.org/W3017719915","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089405242","https://openalex.org/W1989687946","https://openalex.org/W2004685257","https://openalex.org/W2954293526","https://openalex.org/W1977288663","https://openalex.org/W2115068291","https://openalex.org/W3010360921","https://openalex.org/W2100673443","https://openalex.org/W2226154349","https://openalex.org/W2897666773"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}