{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2518690423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_8","title":"Characterizing Word Problems of Groups","display_name":"Characterizing Word Problems of Groups","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2518690423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_8","mag":"2518690423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Characterizing_word_problems_of_groups/10121702","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053784135","display_name":"Sam Jones","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119664326","display_name":"University of Wolverhampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01k2y1055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam A. M. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022333338","display_name":"Richard M. Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-793X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard M. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022333338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4991,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63594178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"104","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10304","display_name":"Geometric and Algebraic Topology","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7027283310890198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decidability","display_name":"Decidability","score":0.6895147562026978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6725367307662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.6579424738883972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.5804284811019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-problem","display_name":"Word problem (mathematics education)","score":0.5657732486724854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-language","display_name":"Formal language","score":0.5211110711097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.45961707830429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-language","display_name":"Regular language","score":0.4454272985458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4270244836807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3391875624656677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.30905264616012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28075501322746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.23658806085586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.21824312210083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18118196725845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13954254984855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.1025378406047821}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7027283310890198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153269930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430001","display_name":"Decidability","level":2,"score":0.6895147562026978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6725367307662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.6579424738883972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5804284811019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90988201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255912","display_name":"Word problem (mathematics education)","level":2,"score":0.5657732486724854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146072743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192161","display_name":"Formal language","level":2,"score":0.5211110711097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.45961707830429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52370388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752532","display_name":"Regular language","level":3,"score":0.4454272985458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4270244836807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3391875624656677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.30905264616012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28075501322746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.23658806085586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.21824312210083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18118196725845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13954254984855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.1025378406047821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10121702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Characterizing_word_problems_of_groups/10121702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/38806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-45994-3_8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402365","display_name":"Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","host_organization_name":"University of Leicester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10121702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Characterizing_word_problems_of_groups/10121702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11603665","https://openalex.org/W189576956","https://openalex.org/W421997344","https://openalex.org/W1505482284","https://openalex.org/W1525126101","https://openalex.org/W1541824250","https://openalex.org/W1562935128","https://openalex.org/W1993901943","https://openalex.org/W1997160882","https://openalex.org/W2033257560","https://openalex.org/W2060229474","https://openalex.org/W2129945171","https://openalex.org/W4230191592","https://openalex.org/W4243906190","https://openalex.org/W4302339081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511851241","https://openalex.org/W4388697737","https://openalex.org/W4298186840","https://openalex.org/W2989978285","https://openalex.org/W3104010695","https://openalex.org/W2045561258","https://openalex.org/W4299295154","https://openalex.org/W1540583425","https://openalex.org/W2240836793","https://openalex.org/W2099664526"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
