{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294446055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16","title":"Formal Security Analysis of Traditional and Electronic Exams","display_name":"Formal Security Analysis of Traditional and Electronic Exams","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294446055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16","mag":"2294446055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087551010","display_name":"Jannik Dreier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1026-3360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jannik Dreier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Security, ETH Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Security, ETH Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028035029","display_name":"Rosario Giustolisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-9601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosario Giustolisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT/University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg city, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT/University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg city, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105529988","display_name":"Ali Kassem","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156361","display_name":"Verimag","ror":"https://ror.org/05afmzm11","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210156361","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Kassem","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, VERIMAG, Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, VERIMAG, Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156361","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024799131","display_name":"Pascal Lafourcade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4459-511X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198244214","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne","ror":"https://ror.org/01a8ajp46","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198244214"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099416","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Mod\u00e9lisation et d'Optimisation des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3fpp34","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I3019848993","https://openalex.org/I4210099416","https://openalex.org/I4210123221","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154249"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Lafourcade","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIMOS, University d\u2019Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France","LIMOS, University d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIMOS, University d\u2019Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I4210099416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIMOS, University d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I4210099416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070924321","display_name":"Gabriele Lenzini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-3270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Lenzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT/University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg city, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT/University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg city, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006427033","display_name":"Peter Y. A. Ryan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-9034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Y. A. Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT/University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg city, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT/University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg city, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087551010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11765147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"294","last_page":"318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honesty","display_name":"Honesty","score":0.8446233868598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cheating","display_name":"Cheating","score":0.843335747718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7250560522079468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6564012765884399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6241284608840942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pencil","display_name":"Pencil (optics)","score":0.48986169695854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.38842499256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.14437663555145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09528365731239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09516641497612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.08117195963859558}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777293324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337349","display_name":"Honesty","level":2,"score":0.8446233868598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357432","display_name":"Cheating","level":2,"score":0.843335747718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7250560522079468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6564012765884399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6241284608840942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134949993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2068617","display_name":"Pencil (optics)","level":2,"score":0.48986169695854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.38842499256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.14437663555145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09528365731239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09516641497612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08117195963859558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764900261","display_name":"Communications in computer and information science","issn_l":"1865-0929","issn":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01337412v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-01337412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2015, &#x27E8;10.1007/978-3-319-25915-4_16&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/24020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/24020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Computer and Information Science, 554, 294-318. Springer (2015).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57605931","https://openalex.org/W202232150","https://openalex.org/W207689688","https://openalex.org/W1446312191","https://openalex.org/W1479677827","https://openalex.org/W1571378841","https://openalex.org/W1588668163","https://openalex.org/W1973054120","https://openalex.org/W1980989187","https://openalex.org/W1988211498","https://openalex.org/W2002454538","https://openalex.org/W2003595303","https://openalex.org/W2011329056","https://openalex.org/W2012707937","https://openalex.org/W2029693536","https://openalex.org/W2040879056","https://openalex.org/W2047430947","https://openalex.org/W2055259417","https://openalex.org/W2089434778","https://openalex.org/W2105024565","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2114189125","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2142836084","https://openalex.org/W2147584309","https://openalex.org/W2151495258","https://openalex.org/W2152907452","https://openalex.org/W2159617506","https://openalex.org/W2160944501","https://openalex.org/W2164222678","https://openalex.org/W2166313909","https://openalex.org/W2166575037","https://openalex.org/W2173638604","https://openalex.org/W2242102996","https://openalex.org/W2269328400","https://openalex.org/W2343128176","https://openalex.org/W2404819779","https://openalex.org/W2548832091","https://openalex.org/W3003983481","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012288173","https://openalex.org/W1968538666","https://openalex.org/W2097662580","https://openalex.org/W3199302685","https://openalex.org/W2368490655","https://openalex.org/W2369889065","https://openalex.org/W2344072770","https://openalex.org/W2389163612","https://openalex.org/W2065650938","https://openalex.org/W2365256465"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-15T08:27:34.491423","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
