{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3103016263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23219-5_15","title":"Generalized Totalizer Encoding for Pseudo-Boolean Constraints","display_name":"Generalized Totalizer Encoding for Pseudo-Boolean Constraints","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3103016263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23219-5_15","mag":"3103016263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23219-5_15","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23219-5_15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1507.05920","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101548497","display_name":"Saurabh Joshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8070-1525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saurabh Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101995804","display_name":"Ruben Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-1382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruben Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033377932","display_name":"Vasco Manquinho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-2189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasco Manquinho","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-ID/Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-ID/Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101548497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94746176,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"200","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.6842267513275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-satisfiability-problem","display_name":"Maximum satisfiability problem","score":0.6657469868659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5673774480819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.5196060538291931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-circuit","display_name":"Boolean circuit","score":0.514642596244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.5061537623405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-data-type","display_name":"Boolean data type","score":0.5031437277793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjunctive-normal-form","display_name":"Conjunctive normal form","score":0.4944911003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-expression","display_name":"Boolean expression","score":0.47175365686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.4715421497821808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-satisfiability-problem","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","score":0.4659690856933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.46180102229118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.42162811756134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.41765114665031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.41585808992385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-function","display_name":"Boolean function","score":0.4058529734611511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3831164836883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37225157022476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.1898583471775055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09739077091217041}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.6842267513275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111797529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17080584","display_name":"Maximum satisfiability problem","level":3,"score":0.6657469868659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5673774480819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.5196060538291931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141796577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837479","display_name":"Boolean circuit","level":3,"score":0.514642596244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5061537623405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7342684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520777","display_name":"Boolean data type","level":2,"score":0.5031437277793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16221470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846564","display_name":"Conjunctive normal form","level":2,"score":0.4944911003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158465420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1979515","display_name":"Boolean expression","level":3,"score":0.47175365686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4715421497821808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6943359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875276","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","level":2,"score":0.4659690856933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.46180102229118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.42162811756134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.41765114665031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.41585808992385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187455244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942353","display_name":"Boolean function","level":2,"score":0.4058529734611511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3831164836883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37225157022476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.1898583471775055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09739077091217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23219-5_15","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23219-5_15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1507.05920","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.05920","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1507.05920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1507.05920","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.05920","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1507.05920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5547553","https://openalex.org/W5815757","https://openalex.org/W66231286","https://openalex.org/W82625556","https://openalex.org/W177721190","https://openalex.org/W192078665","https://openalex.org/W1518705996","https://openalex.org/W1550483759","https://openalex.org/W1575323025","https://openalex.org/W1775352280","https://openalex.org/W1825789089","https://openalex.org/W1868868480","https://openalex.org/W1952747621","https://openalex.org/W2012413542","https://openalex.org/W2033246449","https://openalex.org/W2033274122","https://openalex.org/W2038549215","https://openalex.org/W2095821893","https://openalex.org/W2100609826","https://openalex.org/W2102909639","https://openalex.org/W2116758077","https://openalex.org/W2130501115","https://openalex.org/W2144040805","https://openalex.org/W2144842698","https://openalex.org/W2165395380","https://openalex.org/W2395737562","https://openalex.org/W3104044769","https://openalex.org/W3104744353","https://openalex.org/W3145040153","https://openalex.org/W4238998407","https://openalex.org/W4300624830","https://openalex.org/W4301871366","https://openalex.org/W4301887518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568384982","https://openalex.org/W2135610719","https://openalex.org/W2011469629","https://openalex.org/W2995617542","https://openalex.org/W1745650241","https://openalex.org/W2111523115","https://openalex.org/W4234414781","https://openalex.org/W66231286","https://openalex.org/W3141532631","https://openalex.org/W2131164334"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
