{"id":"https://openalex.org/W35894062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14445-0_9","title":"What Image Classifiers Really See \u2013 Visualizing Bag-of-Visual Words Models","display_name":"What Image Classifiers Really See \u2013 Visualizing Bag-of-Visual Words Models","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W35894062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14445-0_9","mag":"35894062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14445-0_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14445-0_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032043435","display_name":"Christian Hentschel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-2592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143288331","display_name":"Hasso Plattner Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/058rn5r42","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian Hentschel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering, Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143288331"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082238675","display_name":"Harald Sack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-9804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143288331","display_name":"Hasso Plattner Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/058rn5r42","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Sack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering, Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143288331"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032043435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143288331"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50594201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"95","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8426986336708069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7771998047828674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bag-of-words-model-in-computer-vision","display_name":"Bag-of-words model in computer vision","score":0.7381834983825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6811736226081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5884554386138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5708122253417969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5109249949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.49704697728157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44719645380973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.42285722494125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bag-of-words-model","display_name":"Bag-of-words model","score":0.41863077878952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaboost","display_name":"AdaBoost","score":0.4126819968223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.34443485736846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-word","display_name":"Visual Word","score":0.3407231569290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.3258673846721649}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8426986336708069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7771998047828674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167611913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884747","display_name":"Bag-of-words model in computer vision","level":5,"score":0.7381834983825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6811736226081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5884554386138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5708122253417969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5109249949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.49704697728157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44719645380973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42285722494125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13672336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3460803","display_name":"Bag-of-words model","level":2,"score":0.41863077878952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141404830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823869","display_name":"AdaBoost","level":3,"score":0.4126819968223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.34443485736846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189391414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936579","display_name":"Visual Word","level":4,"score":0.3407231569290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.3258673846721649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14445-0_9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14445-0_9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14097345","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1800769962","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W1994213117","https://openalex.org/W2004089651","https://openalex.org/W2084492519","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2112020727","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2137117795","https://openalex.org/W2148809503","https://openalex.org/W2151259137","https://openalex.org/W2155231285","https://openalex.org/W2155904486","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W4242451260","https://openalex.org/W4296262844","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1615295117","https://openalex.org/W2158102958","https://openalex.org/W2035094092","https://openalex.org/W2947282851","https://openalex.org/W2045213079","https://openalex.org/W2277784908","https://openalex.org/W2938717424","https://openalex.org/W3043037362","https://openalex.org/W2179703327","https://openalex.org/W2499029474"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}