{"id":"https://openalex.org/W32492565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13704-9_5","title":"Question Generation from a Knowledge Base","display_name":"Question Generation from a Knowledge Base","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W32492565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13704-9_5","mag":"32492565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13704-9_5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13704-9_5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021474475","display_name":"Vinay K. Chaudhri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1363-645X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vinay K. Chaudhri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081635691","display_name":"Peter E. Clark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-7015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316176738","display_name":"Vulcan (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00rr9fv20","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316176738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter E. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vulcan Inc., 505 Fifth Ave S., Suite 900, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vulcan Inc., 505 Fifth Ave S., Suite 900, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316176738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052090608","display_name":"Adam Overholtzer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Overholtzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064954416","display_name":"Aaron Spaulding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9727-6756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Spaulding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021474475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5342,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89050684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"54","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8350061178207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ask-price","display_name":"Ask price","score":0.7212666273117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.6376938223838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.6306360363960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/questions-and-answers","display_name":"Questions and answers","score":0.578444242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.5761377215385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5713502168655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.5120163559913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5109037756919861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46954140067100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.45469987392425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4448433816432953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-user-interface","display_name":"Natural language user interface","score":0.42163601517677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4197092652320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.4160105586051941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.14017316699028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07783651351928711}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8350061178207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.7212666273117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.6376938223838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.6306360363960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019144022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4124998","display_name":"Questions and answers","level":2,"score":0.578444242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5761377215385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5713502168655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.5120163559913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5109037756919861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46954140067100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.45469987392425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4448433816432953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174252522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3816772","display_name":"Natural language user interface","level":3,"score":0.42163601517677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4197092652320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.4160105586051941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.14017316699028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07783651351928711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13704-9_5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13704-9_5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.698.4426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.698.4426","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/pclark/papers/ekaw14.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48039281","https://openalex.org/W106632145","https://openalex.org/W1509946529","https://openalex.org/W1514371321","https://openalex.org/W1531374185","https://openalex.org/W1567501816","https://openalex.org/W1619326861","https://openalex.org/W1977014963","https://openalex.org/W1983825849","https://openalex.org/W2040566369","https://openalex.org/W2072385577","https://openalex.org/W2089010842","https://openalex.org/W2141934106","https://openalex.org/W2147093237","https://openalex.org/W2169676805","https://openalex.org/W2185354949","https://openalex.org/W2332954378","https://openalex.org/W2396653483","https://openalex.org/W2399486411","https://openalex.org/W2735374180","https://openalex.org/W4214825680","https://openalex.org/W4250468324","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134247745","https://openalex.org/W4226243593","https://openalex.org/W3172691639","https://openalex.org/W2963582704","https://openalex.org/W2118632115","https://openalex.org/W4285816982","https://openalex.org/W2555213299","https://openalex.org/W2576107865","https://openalex.org/W3215363805","https://openalex.org/W1846393350"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
