{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098762779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10389-1_7","title":"Elements of Difficulty Level in Mathematics","display_name":"Elements of Difficulty Level in Mathematics","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098762779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10389-1_7","mag":"2098762779"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10389-1_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10389-1_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764461748","display_name":"Studies in computational intelligence","issn_l":"1860-949X","issn":["1860-949X","1860-9503"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Computational Intelligence","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057023213","display_name":"Taku Jiromaru","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112524849","display_name":"Yamagata University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xy44n04","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taku Jiromaru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112342909","display_name":"Tetsuo Kosaka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112524849","display_name":"Yamagata University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xy44n04","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tetsuo Kosaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111681115","display_name":"Tokuro Matsuo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74640424","display_name":"Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04f9apy08","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74640424"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tokuro Matsuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74640424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057023213"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0852469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"85","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10130","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10130","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11345","display_name":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12522","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Pedagogy","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.6092607975006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-reasoning","display_name":"Logical reasoning","score":0.608261227607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statement","display_name":"Statement (logic)","score":0.5987191796302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbol","display_name":"Symbol (formal)","score":0.5136277079582214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4676254391670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","score":0.45021161437034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.4336455762386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.39615488052368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2513098418712616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08422347903251648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6092607975006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43971567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3142865","display_name":"Logical reasoning","level":2,"score":0.608261227607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777026412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2684591","display_name":"Statement (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5987191796302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134400042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372244","display_name":"Symbol (formal)","level":2,"score":0.5136277079582214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4676254391670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.45021161437034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.4336455762386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39615488052368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2513098418712616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08422347903251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10389-1_7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10389-1_7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764461748","display_name":"Studies in computational intelligence","issn_l":"1860-949X","issn":["1860-949X","1860-9503"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Computational Intelligence","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15859922","https://openalex.org/W119009349","https://openalex.org/W1509643880","https://openalex.org/W1972384880","https://openalex.org/W2018405095","https://openalex.org/W2021749202","https://openalex.org/W2038253826","https://openalex.org/W2090276685","https://openalex.org/W2094407024","https://openalex.org/W2103921488","https://openalex.org/W2110515480","https://openalex.org/W2118457689","https://openalex.org/W2151454230","https://openalex.org/W2787632056","https://openalex.org/W2804455039","https://openalex.org/W3036192984","https://openalex.org/W4232840876","https://openalex.org/W4243158146","https://openalex.org/W4255721438","https://openalex.org/W4323253219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2982034691","https://openalex.org/W1493324536","https://openalex.org/W3123593688","https://openalex.org/W1710163403","https://openalex.org/W4238133706","https://openalex.org/W2379101725","https://openalex.org/W2018191263","https://openalex.org/W2020055226","https://openalex.org/W2352707367","https://openalex.org/W2377049775"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}