{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416235998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","title":"A Neurosymbolic Approach to\u00a0Natural Language Formalization and\u00a0Verification","display_name":"A Neurosymbolic Approach to\u00a0Natural Language Formalization and\u00a0Verification","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416235998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chenyang An","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003373393","display_name":"Sam Bayless","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-8986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Bayless","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120353465","display_name":"Stefano Buliani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Buliani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079794831","display_name":"Darion Cassel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darion Cassel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112528389","display_name":"Byron Cook","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byron Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","University College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120353466","display_name":"Duncan Clough","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duncan Clough","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033722468","display_name":"R\u00e9mi Delmas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1994-9094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u00e9mi Delmas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079227625","display_name":"Nafi Diallo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafi Diallo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032941157","display_name":"Ferhat Erata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-4266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferhat Erata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046002566","display_name":"Nick Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3908-2755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nick Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009913053","display_name":"Dimitra Giannakopoulou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitra Giannakopoulou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063351940","display_name":"Aman Goel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0520-8890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aman Goel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111270990","display_name":"Aditya Gokhale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditya Gokhale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Joe Hendrix","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe Hendrix","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Victor Heorhiadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Heorhiadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Marc Hudak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Hudak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060253003","display_name":"Dejan Jovanovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-7874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dejan Jovanovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andrew M. Kent","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew M. Kent","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065492303","display_name":"Benjamin Kiesl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3522-3653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Kiesl-Reiter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120402236","display_name":"Jeffrey J. Kuna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey J. Kuna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041459744","display_name":"Nadia Labai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadia Labai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025863991","display_name":"Joseph Lilien","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Lilien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035587669","display_name":"Divya Raghunathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0231-2086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divya Raghunathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021217615","display_name":"Zvonimir Rakamari\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zvonimir Rakamari\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110208507","display_name":"Niloofar Razavi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niloofar Razavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001580382","display_name":"Michael Tautschnig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7947-983X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Tautschnig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004569243","display_name":"Ali Torkamani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-8053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Torkamani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062395513","display_name":"Nathaniel Weir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel Weir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014360702","display_name":"Michael W. Whalen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-1435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael W. Whalen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056293422","display_name":"JingTao Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7823-4136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianan Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065492303"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02162464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"601","last_page":"617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.1949000060558319,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.1949000060558319,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.13120000064373016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.12549999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.8784999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.6747000217437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5242000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-consequence","display_name":"Logical consequence","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-conjunction","display_name":"Logical conjunction","score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-interpretation","display_name":"Semantic interpretation","score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-language","display_name":"Object language","score":0.3946000039577484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.8784999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.6747000217437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5242000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4893999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134752490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374182","display_name":"Logical consequence","level":2,"score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21847791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191081","display_name":"Logical conjunction","level":2,"score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193125573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449065","display_name":"Semantic interpretation","level":2,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185954173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4347052","display_name":"Object language","level":3,"score":0.3946000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201677973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209840","display_name":"Specification language","level":2,"score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3746660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068763","display_name":"Rule of inference","level":2,"score":0.3564000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778790839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6667497","display_name":"Logical form","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20693621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6667502","display_name":"Logical framework","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780654840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333341","display_name":"Abstract interpretation","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32155586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212569","display_name":"Simula","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.09008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.09008","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.09008","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.09008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.09008","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.09008","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2511.09008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.09008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_28.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416235998.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416235998.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Large":[1],"Language":[2],"Models":[3],"perform":[4],"well":[5],"at":[6,90],"natural":[7,58,78],"language":[8,59,79],"interpretation":[9],"and":[10,27,68,107,128],"reasoning,":[11],"but":[12],"their":[13,20],"lack":[14],"of":[15,64,77],"formal":[16],"correctness":[17,76],"guarantees":[18],"limits":[19],"adoption":[21],"in":[22,114],"regulated":[23],"industries":[24],"like":[25],"finance":[26],"healthcare":[28],"that":[29,48,102,123],"operate":[30],"under":[31],"strict":[32],"policies.":[33,83],"To":[34],"address":[35],"this":[36],"limitation,":[37],"we":[38],"launched":[39],"Automated":[40],"Reasoning":[41],"checks":[42],"(ARc)":[43],":":[44],"a":[45,109,144,153],"public":[46],"service":[47],"(1)":[49],"uses":[50,70],"LLMs":[51],"with":[52],"optional":[53],"human":[54],"guidance":[55],"to":[56,73,132,148],"formalize":[57],"policies,":[60],"allowing":[61],"fine-grained":[62],"control":[63],"the":[65,94,125,134,139],"formalization":[66,88],"process,":[67],"(2)":[69],"inference-time":[71],"autoformalization":[72],"validate":[74],"logical":[75,116],"statements":[80],"against":[81],"those":[82],"ARc":[84,103,137],"performs":[85],"multiple":[86],"redundant":[87],"steps":[89],"inference":[91],"time,":[92],"checking":[93],"formalizations":[95],"for":[96],"semantic":[97],"equivalence.":[98],"Our":[99,118],"benchmarks":[100],"show":[101],"exceeds":[104],"99%":[105],"soundness":[106],"achieves":[108],"near-zero":[110],"false":[111],"positive":[112],"rate":[113],"identifying":[115],"validity.":[117],"approach":[119],"produces":[120],"auditable":[121],"artifacts":[122],"substantiate":[124],"verification":[126],"outcomes":[127],"can":[129],"be":[130],"used":[131],"improve":[133],"original":[135],"text.":[136],"is":[138],"first":[140],"commercial":[141],"offering":[142],"from":[143],"major":[145],"cloud":[146],"provider":[147],"integrate":[149],"automated":[150],"reasoning":[151],"into":[152],"generative":[154],"AI":[155],"guardrail.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}
