{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160440653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-25156-5_28","title":"Document-Level Relation Extraction Using Reinforcement Learning with\u00a0Knowledge Graph Feedback","display_name":"Document-Level Relation Extraction Using Reinforcement Learning with\u00a0Knowledge Graph Feedback","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160440653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-25156-5_28"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-25156-5_28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-25156-5_28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015696721","display_name":"Manzoor Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-5160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manzoor Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-5160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013045713","display_name":"Hamada M. Zahera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0215-1278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamada M. Zahera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0215-1278","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135527199","display_name":"Muhammad Saleem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9648-5417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Saleem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9648-5417","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011855160","display_name":"Yasir Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5651-5391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasir Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5651-5391","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108761227","display_name":"Hashim Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hashim Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5953-480X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078789866","display_name":"Ren\u00e9 Speck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0151-5538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren\u00e9 Speck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0151-5538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038745720","display_name":"Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-3516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152224","display_name":"Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04j2tkk21","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-3516","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Group (DICE), Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015696721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453","https://openalex.org/I4210152224"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47406639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"537","last_page":"555"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.7972999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.7972999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.04190000146627426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.020600000396370888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relationship-extraction","display_name":"Relationship extraction","score":0.7333999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6527000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.5909000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5874999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5813000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.5408999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.506600022315979}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8949000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153604712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310755","display_name":"Relationship extraction","level":3,"score":0.7333999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6527000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6158999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.5909000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5874999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5813000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.5408999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5357000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.506600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.40849998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-25156-5_28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-25156-5_28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.47608813643455505}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102708294","https://openalex.org/W1529533208","https://openalex.org/W2080133951","https://openalex.org/W2107598941","https://openalex.org/W2159583324","https://openalex.org/W2889344053","https://openalex.org/W2952179106","https://openalex.org/W2971221499","https://openalex.org/W3021224558","https://openalex.org/W3035053871","https://openalex.org/W3093891978","https://openalex.org/W3096932862","https://openalex.org/W3103836967","https://openalex.org/W3113440918","https://openalex.org/W3173229273","https://openalex.org/W3174374740","https://openalex.org/W3174628768","https://openalex.org/W3204348602","https://openalex.org/W3212766995","https://openalex.org/W3214342214","https://openalex.org/W4223610499","https://openalex.org/W4226031465","https://openalex.org/W4362728152","https://openalex.org/W4385571451","https://openalex.org/W4385573505","https://openalex.org/W4385573741","https://openalex.org/W4386566720","https://openalex.org/W4389518811","https://openalex.org/W4393156658","https://openalex.org/W4396759394","https://openalex.org/W4401981806","https://openalex.org/W4402667014","https://openalex.org/W4402667033","https://openalex.org/W4402671577","https://openalex.org/W4402683057","https://openalex.org/W4403488033","https://openalex.org/W4413822048"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-05-07T00:00:00"}