{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7144144696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","title":"TD-Suite: All Batteries Included Framework for Technical Debt Classification","display_name":"TD-Suite: All Batteries Included Framework for Technical Debt Classification","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7144144696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177767","display_name":"Lecture notes in business information processing","issn_l":"1865-1348","issn":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022351096","display_name":"Karthik Shivashankar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8508-2978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karthik Shivashankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8508-2978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5131025855","display_name":"Antonio Martini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Martini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0669-8687","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022351096"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28956229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"137","last_page":"151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.8953999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.8953999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.01759999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.01590000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-debt","display_name":"Technical debt","score":0.6557999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agile-software-development","display_name":"Agile software development","score":0.6003000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devops","display_name":"DevOps","score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bad-debt","display_name":"Bad debt","score":0.33219999074935913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159198006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532172","display_name":"Technical debt","level":4,"score":0.6557999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14185376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30232","display_name":"Agile software development","level":2,"score":0.6003000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9903902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025536","display_name":"DevOps","level":3,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778114724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365583","display_name":"Bad debt","level":3,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87813535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956418","display_name":"Agile Unified Process","level":5,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177767","display_name":"Lecture notes in business information processing","issn_l":"1865-1348","issn":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-032-22375-3_9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177767","display_name":"Lecture notes in business information processing","issn_l":"1865-1348","issn":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7144144696.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7144144696.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1826790618","https://openalex.org/W2019759670","https://openalex.org/W2028836139","https://openalex.org/W2057244851","https://openalex.org/W2133300188","https://openalex.org/W2462019631","https://openalex.org/W2606020132","https://openalex.org/W2900746545","https://openalex.org/W2937423263","https://openalex.org/W2963026768","https://openalex.org/W2963935794","https://openalex.org/W2965526865","https://openalex.org/W2999309192","https://openalex.org/W2999760805","https://openalex.org/W3095300137","https://openalex.org/W3098605233","https://openalex.org/W3169654506","https://openalex.org/W3173971918","https://openalex.org/W4234066440","https://openalex.org/W4308643031","https://openalex.org/W4385731425","https://openalex.org/W4390904907","https://openalex.org/W4400681112","https://openalex.org/W4408554567"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"Agile":[2,22,84,122],"software":[3],"development,":[4],"maintaining":[5],"velocity":[6],"requires":[7],"the":[8,16,47,150],"continuous":[9],"management":[10],"of":[11,49,71,154],"Technical":[12],"Debt":[13],"(TD).":[14],"However,":[15],"rapid":[17],"iteration":[18],"cycles":[19],"inherent":[20],"to":[21,45,57,96,124],"often":[23,73],"obscure":[24],"debt":[25,72],"accumulation,":[26],"making":[27],"manual":[28],"identification":[29],"in":[30,65],"issue":[31,66],"trackers":[32],"prohibitively":[33],"expensive.":[34],"To":[35,129],"address":[36],"this,":[37],"we":[38],"present":[39],"TD-Suite,":[40],"a":[41,78,164,170],"comprehensive":[42],"framework":[43,147],"engineered":[44],"automate":[46],"classification":[48,108],"technical":[50],"debt.":[51],"It":[52,104],"leverages":[53],"state-of-the-art":[54],"transformer":[55],"models":[56],"analyze":[58],"textual":[59],"artifacts,":[60],"such":[61],"as":[62],"developer":[63],"discussions":[64],"reports,":[67],"where":[68],"subtle":[69],"indicators":[70],"lie":[74],"hidden.":[75],"TD-Suite":[76,136],"provides":[77],"seamless":[79],"end-to-end":[80],"pipeline":[81],"suitable":[82],"for":[83,181],"ML":[85,185],"Engineering,":[86],"managing":[87],"everything":[88],"from":[89],"initial":[90],"data":[91],"ingestion":[92],"and":[93,101,113,142,152,178],"rigorous":[94],"preprocessing":[95],"model":[97,159],"training,":[98],"thorough":[99],"evaluation,":[100],"final":[102],"inference.":[103],"supports":[105],"both":[106],"binary":[107],"(debt":[109],"or":[110,119],"no":[111],"debt)":[112],"granular":[114],"categorization\u2014identifying":[115],"code,":[116],"architecture,":[117],"design,":[118],"documentation":[120],"debt\u2014enabling":[121],"teams":[123],"formulate":[125],"targeted":[126],"refactoring":[127],"strategies.":[128,145],"ensure":[130],"robustness":[131],"on":[132],"real-world,":[133],"imbalanced":[134],"datasets,":[135],"incorporates":[137],"k-fold":[138],"cross-validation,":[139],"early":[140],"stopping,":[141],"class":[143],"weighting":[144],"The":[146],"explicitly":[148],"integrates":[149],"tracking":[151],"reporting":[153],"carbon":[155],"emissions":[156],"associated":[157],"with":[158],"training.":[160],"Furthermore,":[161],"it":[162],"features":[163],"user-friendly":[165],"Gradio":[166],"web":[167],"interface":[168],"within":[169],"Docker":[171],"container,":[172],"simplifying":[173],"integration":[174],"into":[175],"DevOps":[176],"pipelines":[177],"democratizing":[179],"access":[180],"practitioners":[182],"without":[183],"deep":[184],"expertise.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2026-04-01T00:00:00"}