{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415516330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-01799-4_1","title":"NETLAM: An Automated LLM Framework to Generate and Evaluate Stealthy Hardware Trojans","display_name":"NETLAM: An Automated LLM Framework to Generate and Evaluate Stealthy Hardware Trojans","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415516330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-01799-4_1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-01799-4_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-01799-4_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075132490","display_name":"Tishya Sarma Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1834-1303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tishya Sarma Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1834-1303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088197633","display_name":"Kislay Arya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kislay Arya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2305-5424","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089810331","display_name":"Siddhartha Chowdhury","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddhartha Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2588-0210","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110534354","display_name":"Upasana Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0106-3638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Upasana Mandal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0106-3638","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035190620","display_name":"Shubhi Shukla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-885X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubhi Shukla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Computational and Data Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-885X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational and Data Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101816833","display_name":"Sarani Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4190-2671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarani Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4190-2671","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078971402","display_name":"Debdeep Mukhopadhyay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-8346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debdeep Mukhopadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-8346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075132490"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78738455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.6730999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-equivalence","display_name":"Logical equivalence","score":0.647599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5758000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-equivalence-checking","display_name":"Formal equivalence checking","score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5654000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trojan","display_name":"Trojan","score":0.552299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.36980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.6730999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70846408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220433","display_name":"Logical equivalence","level":3,"score":0.647599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5758000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96654402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469962","display_name":"Formal equivalence checking","level":3,"score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5654000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174333608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19635","display_name":"Trojan","level":2,"score":0.552299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.42980000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780873074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656397","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","level":3,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779639559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7661178","display_name":"Symbolic execution","level":3,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37926939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449061","display_name":"Semantic equivalence","level":4,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167822520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite-state machine","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56949724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219079","display_name":"Truth table","level":2,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164155591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067766","display_name":"Satisfiability modulo theories","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177650935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760303","display_name":"Netlist","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-032-01799-4_1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-01799-4_1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W2011712479","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2161998562","https://openalex.org/W2166778460","https://openalex.org/W2606854262","https://openalex.org/W3013911392","https://openalex.org/W4205465681","https://openalex.org/W4399396317","https://openalex.org/W4399930913","https://openalex.org/W4401568715","https://openalex.org/W4405440295"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-24T00:00:00"}
