{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410589932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","title":"Multimodal Computer Vision Techniques for\u00a0Wooden Utility Pole Density Estimation with\u00a0Contact-Free Sensing","display_name":"Multimodal Computer Vision Techniques for\u00a0Wooden Utility Pole Density Estimation with\u00a0Contact-Free Sensing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410589932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029298341","display_name":"Luis Gonzalez-Naharro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8113-7786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107808","display_name":"NORCE Research AS","ror":"https://ror.org/02gagpf75","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES","NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis Gonzalez-Naharro","raw_affiliation_strings":["DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway","Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8113-7786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027942393","display_name":"Arnoud Jochemsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6048-9379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107808","display_name":"NORCE Research AS","ror":"https://ror.org/02gagpf75","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnoud Jochemsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6048-9379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067978949","display_name":"Ahmed Nabil Belbachir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9233-3723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107808","display_name":"NORCE Research AS","ror":"https://ror.org/02gagpf75","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabil Belbachir","raw_affiliation_strings":["DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9233-3723","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117632706","display_name":"Erik T. Hauge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107808","display_name":"NORCE Research AS","ror":"https://ror.org/02gagpf75","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik T. Hauge","raw_affiliation_strings":["DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DARWIN Group, NORCE, Bergen, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029298341"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107808","https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26282237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"35","last_page":"49"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12486","display_name":"Food Supply Chain Traceability","score":0.9656000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.911899983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8085885047912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6098255515098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5516279935836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.43946802616119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4295307993888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.42120885848999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08670079708099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07516691088676453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07204800844192505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8085885047912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6098255515098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5516279935836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.43946802616119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4295307993888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.42120885848999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08670079708099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07516691088676453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07204800844192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-92805-5_3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1622782223","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1885660869","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-GRIN-34437","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324466","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480869486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080475149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5596204089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SBPLY/21/180225/000062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7084143925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7535663061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8411009528","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-PREDUCLM-14746","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324466","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8773276238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SBPLY/21/180225/000062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324466","display_name":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410589932.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410589932.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000018820","https://openalex.org/W2015159529","https://openalex.org/W2060349138","https://openalex.org/W2063603851","https://openalex.org/W2136665235","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2294257158","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2783876128","https://openalex.org/W2909309670","https://openalex.org/W3007387899","https://openalex.org/W3187480419","https://openalex.org/W4289515928","https://openalex.org/W4385893917","https://openalex.org/W4404612908","https://openalex.org/W6602913128","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"this":[2],"work,":[3],"we":[4],"propose":[5],"a":[6,33,95,102,109,114],"novel":[7],"way":[8],"of":[9,13,35,65,105,111,117,124],"performing":[10],"remote":[11,126],"inspection":[12],"wooden":[14,133],"utility":[15],"poles,":[16,37],"based":[17],"on":[18],"state-of-the-art":[19,40,129],"computer":[20],"vision":[21],"techniques.":[22],"We":[23,60],"collect":[24],"regular":[25],"pictures,":[26],"LiDAR":[27],"scans":[28,31,54],"and":[29,38,46,53,71,90,99,108,128],"hyperspectral":[30],"from":[32,58],"set":[34],"five":[36],"apply":[39],"deep":[41,130],"learning":[42,131],"algorithms":[43],"to":[44,55,87],"detect":[45],"crop":[47],"the":[48,51,63,122],"poles":[49],"in":[50],"pictures":[52],"extract":[56],"features":[57,67,83],"these.":[59],"then":[61],"study":[62,120],"correlations":[64],"these":[66],"with":[68,92,136],"pole":[69,134],"density":[70,89,103],"surface":[72],"depth":[73,91,115],"by":[74],"employing":[75],"linear":[76],"models.":[77],"Our":[78],"results":[79],"show":[80],"that":[81],"our":[82],"can":[84],"be":[85],"used":[86],"predict":[88],"good":[93],"accuracy,":[94],"MAE":[96,110],"between":[97],"500":[98],"900":[100],"for":[101,113,132,139],"range":[104,116],"14000\u201322000":[106],"(unitless)":[107],"0.04":[112],"0.6\u20130.9.":[118],"This":[119],"emphasises":[121],"potential":[123],"both":[125],"sensing":[127],"inspection,":[135],"techniques":[137],"suitable":[138],"real-world":[140],"automation.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}