{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402397238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","title":"A obustness fication Tool for\u00a0 uantum Machine Learning Models","display_name":"A obustness fication Tool for\u00a0 uantum Machine Learning Models","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402397238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103398073","display_name":"Yanling Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5492-3752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanling Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China","University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5492-3752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081435269","display_name":"Ji Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-0029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ji Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-0029","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100747363","display_name":"Wang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-1185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-1185","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023088481","display_name":"Mingsheng Ying","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-702X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096034","display_name":"Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00rnbty21","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337719021","https://openalex.org/I165143802","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210096034","https://openalex.org/I4210132349"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingsheng Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Quantum Software and Information, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-702X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Quantum Software and Information, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004598168","display_name":"Zhaofeng Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-225X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaofeng Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-225X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004598168","https://openalex.org/A5081435269"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"fwci":2.066,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88118614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"403","last_page":"421"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8372599482536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5077191591262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.32950359582901}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8372599482536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5077191591262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.32950359582901}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-031-71162-6_21.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1907572719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002333","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1997119393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021ZD0302901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2298986854","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","funder_display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2832068239","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/031141b54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335644","display_name":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335892","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402397238.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1153205426","https://openalex.org/W1855444172","https://openalex.org/W1993653583","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2559394418","https://openalex.org/W2594877703","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2794609696","https://openalex.org/W2943955321","https://openalex.org/W2965660219","https://openalex.org/W2998262898","https://openalex.org/W3012697779","https://openalex.org/W3015289174","https://openalex.org/W3015667706","https://openalex.org/W3046272654","https://openalex.org/W3087413022","https://openalex.org/W3100931082","https://openalex.org/W3102320711","https://openalex.org/W3102458427","https://openalex.org/W3103438630","https://openalex.org/W3129110052","https://openalex.org/W3135970545","https://openalex.org/W3169231649","https://openalex.org/W3174793028","https://openalex.org/W3186627997","https://openalex.org/W4206151407","https://openalex.org/W4213004663","https://openalex.org/W4289874456","https://openalex.org/W4301880089","https://openalex.org/W4315605993","https://openalex.org/W4319081409","https://openalex.org/W4372259831","https://openalex.org/W4384471464","https://openalex.org/W4400995108","https://openalex.org/W6600679772","https://openalex.org/W6603204305","https://openalex.org/W6930341812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Adversarial":[1],"noise":[2,31,88,195],"attacks":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,92,120,132,210,224],"significant":[6],"threat":[7],"to":[8,15,38,71,89,124,148,170,219],"quantum":[9,81,162,194,233],"machine":[10,163],"learning":[11,164],"(QML)":[12],"models,":[13,70],"similar":[14],"their":[16,46],"classical":[17],"counterparts.":[18],"This":[19,77],"is":[20,32,36],"especially":[21],"true":[22],"in":[23],"the":[24,40,56,66,72,150,190,198,228],"current":[25],"Noisy":[26],"Intermediate-Scale":[27],"Quantum":[28],"era,":[29],"where":[30],"unavoidable.":[33],"Therefore,":[34],"it":[35,113,167],"essential":[37],"ensure":[39],"robustness":[41,67,108,152,200],"of":[42,68,74,192,201,227,232],"QML":[43,69,93,202],"models":[44],"before":[45],"deployment.":[47],"To":[48],"address":[49],"this":[50,176],"challenge,":[51],"we":[52,178],"introduce":[53],"VeriQR":[54,96,136,180,216],",":[55,217],"first":[57],"tool":[58,78],"designed":[59],"specifically":[60],"for":[61,103,144],"formally":[62,90],"verifying":[63],"and":[64,100,106,119,127,141,147,185],"improving":[65],"best":[73],"our":[75],"knowledge.":[76],"mimics":[79],"real-world":[80,161,183],"hardware\u2019s":[82],"noisy":[83],"impacts":[84],"by":[85,158,215],"incorporating":[86],"random":[87],"validate":[91],"model\u2019s":[94],"robustness.":[95],"supports":[97],"exact":[98],"(sound":[99],"complete)":[101],"algorithms":[102],"both":[104],"local":[105,126,151],"global":[107,128,199],"verification.":[109],"For":[110],"enhanced":[111],"efficiency,":[112],"implements":[114],"an":[115],"under-approximate":[116],"(complete)":[117],"algorithm":[118,123],"tensor":[121],"network-based":[122],"verify":[125],"robustness,":[129],"respectively.":[130],"As":[131],"formal":[133],"verification":[134],"tool,":[135],"can":[137,196],"detect":[138],"adversarial":[139,154],"examples":[140],"utilize":[142],"them":[143],"further":[145],"analysis":[146],"enhance":[149,197],"through":[153,209],"training,":[155],"as":[156],"demonstrated":[157],"experiments":[159],"on":[160,175],"models.":[165,203],"Moreover,":[166],"permits":[168],"users":[169,221],"incorporate":[171],"customized":[172],"noise.":[173],"Based":[174],"feature,":[177],"assess":[179],"using":[181],"various":[182],"examples,":[184],"experimental":[186],"outcomes":[187],"confirm":[188],"that":[189],"addition":[191],"specific":[193],"These":[204],"processes":[205],"are":[206],"made":[207],"accessible":[208],"user-friendly":[211],"graphical":[212],"interface":[213],"provided":[214],"catering":[218],"general":[220],"without":[222],"requiring":[223],"deep":[225],"understanding":[226],"counter-intuitive":[229],"probabilistic":[230],"nature":[231],"computing.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}